Control of breathing Handout 6 Flashcards
How is spontaneous respiration controlled
rhythmic discharge of the respiratory neurons in the medulla, lower part of brainstem, to the spinal cord motor neurons (phrenic and intercostal) innervating respiratory muscles; breathing stops if cut below the medulla
What modulates and coordinates transition between inspiration and expiration
pontine respiratory neurons- the pneumotaxic and apneustic centers
What do the inspiratory neurons of the dorsal respiratory group project on to
project to the phrenic motor neurons, which in turn project to the diaphragm
What input does the dorsal respiratory group receive
vagal and glosspharyngeal afferent nerve fibers they vagal fibers are involved in the Hering Breuer reflex
What reflex is the vagal nerve fiber involved in
the hering breur reflex
What is the role of the ventral respiratory group
forceful inspiration and expiration (intercostal and abdominal muscles)
What happens during inspiration
1
What happens at the end of inspiration, how does expiration take place
1
What are the input to the brainsteam respiratory control centers
1
What happens when stimulation from the bronchiolar stretch receptors inhibit vagal medullary inspiratory neurons.
How are the same receptors activated.
1
What the intrapulmonary receptors
1
How do central chemoreceptors control ventilation? Where are they located.
1
Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors and what stimulation do they respond to
1
What is the most important stimulus for the peripheral receptors, which dominate control of ventilation in patients with emphysema and chronic bronchitis
1
What is hypoxia and what are they types of hypoxia
1
