Control And Communication

Question 1

What 3 parts is the nervous system composed of?

Answer 1

1. Neurons
2. Brain
3. Spinal cords

Question 2

What 2 parts is the central nervous system composed of?

Answer 2

Brain and spinal cord

Question 3

List the 3 parts of the brain and explain their function

Answer 3

Cerebrum- controls conscious thoughts, reasoning, memory and emotions.

Cerebellum - controls balance and coordinated movement.

Medulla - controls breathing and heart rate

Question 4

What form of electrical impulses to neuron send and receive messages?

Answer 4

In the form of rapid electrical impulses

Question 5

List the 3 types of neutrons and explain their function

Answer 5

Sensory neurons - carry electrical impulses from sense organs to the CNS.

Inter neurons - found in the CNS and connect with other neurons.

Motor neurons - carry electrical impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands.

Question 6

Neurons are separated by a tiny gap called a what?

Answer 6

Synaps

Question 7

When and electrical impulse reaches the end of a neuron, what is released from it?

Answer 7

Chemicals

Question 8

Define a reflex

Answer 8

A fast, automatic response to a stimulus to help protect the body from harm

Question 9

What is the nerve pathway involved in a reflex called?

Answer 9

Reflex arc it

Question 10

What is the order of neurons in a reflex arc?

Answer 10

Sensory-inter-motor

Question 11

What does the endocrine system contain and what do they produce?

Answer 11

Endocrine glands which produce hormones

Question 12

What is the term given to hormones that transfer information from one part of the body to another?

Answer 12

Chemical messengers

Question 13

Where do endocrine glands release hormones and how fast do they travel?

Answer 13

Into the blood and therefore travel slower than electrical impulses

Question 14

What do target cells in target organs have for specific hormones?

Answer 14

Receptors

Question 15

If you have not eaten for a long time or have just exercised, is your blood sugar high or low?

Answer 15

Low

Question 16

What 2 hormones are involved in controlling blood glucose levels?

Answer 16

Insulin and glucagon

Question 17

Where are these hormones produced and what is the target organ?

Answer 17

Produced in the pancreas and the target organ is the liver

Question 18

What does insulin cause the liver to convert glucose to?

Answer 18

Glucagon

Question 20

When blood glucose is high, what hormone is released from the pancreas?

Answer 20

Insulin

Question 21

In the liver, what is glucagon broken down into?

Answer 21

Glucose

Question 22

What is homeostasis?

Answer 22

The maintenance of a constant internal environment.

Question 23

What 2 systems are responsible for maintaining homeostasis?

Answer 23

The nervous system and the endocrine system.

Question 24

How is the human body temperature maintained?

Answer 24

Homeostasis

Question 25

How is body temperature maintained in the cold?

Answer 25

Blood is diverted away from the skin.

Hairs stand upright to trap insulating air.

Shivering occurs so muscles can generate heat.

Question 26

How is body temperature maintained in the heat?

Answer 26

Blood is diverted towards the skin.

Sweat is produced

Question 27

When blood glucose is low, what hormone is released from the pancreas?

Answer 27

Glucagon