Control and Communication Flashcards
what is the nervous system made up off?
brain, spinal cord, nerves
what is the central nervous system made up off?
brain and spinal cord
what is the job of the cns?
to sort out information from the senses and send information to the muscles so they make a response
what are the 3 parts of thr brain?
cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla
what is the function of the cerebrum?
to control thought, memory, emotions, personailty
what is the function of the cerebellum?
to control balance and co-ordinatioon
what is the function of the medulla?
control automatic responses such as heart rate, breathing, peristalsis
what are the sense organs?
ears, tounge, skin
what are the cells found in the nervous system called?
neurons
what are the three types of neurons?
sensory, inter, motor
where do sense organs carry information to and from?
from receptors to the cns
where do inter neurons carry information to and from?
from sensory neurons to mototr neurons
where do motor neurons transfer information to and from?
from the inter neuron to the muscles
whats it called when two neurons meet at a gap?
a gap called a synapse
what happens in a reflex action?
sensory neurons detect the stimulous and infromation is passed to the inter neuron. The inter neuron sends the information to the motor neuron and the motor neuron sends the information to the muscles so they contract, avaoiding harm to the body?
what are the group of neurons working together in a reflex action called?
the refle arc
what is the endocrine system?
its madeup of endocrine glands that produce hormones and release them into the bloodstream
what are some differences between hormone messages and nerve messages?
- hormone messages involve chemicals, whereas nerve messages involve electrical impulses
- hormone messages are carried in blood, whereas nerve messages are carried along nerves
what is homeostasis?
the control of the internal enviroment in the body
why is hoemeostasis important?
so that the body cells can function properly
what does homeostasis control?
state 2 answers
hoemeostasis controls body temperature, hoemeostasis controls blood glucose concentration
what does the pancreas monitor?
blood glucose concentration
what do receptor cells in the pancreas detect?
changes in blood glucose concentration
whats the normal body temperature?
37 degrees
what happens when body temperature falls below 37 degrees?
state 2 answers
the hairs on skin are raised, shivering takes place to bring temperature back to normal, blood vesssels in the skin become narrower
what happens if body temperature rises above 37 degrees?
state 2 answers
the hairs on the skin are lowerd, blood vessels in the skin becomes wider, sweating takes place to cool body
what does the pancreas monitor?
blood glucose concentration
what happens when blood concentration increases
state 2
- the pancreas realeases the hormone insulin
- the liver then converts the glucoseto glycogen
what happens when blood concentration decreases?
state 2
- the pancreas releases the hormone glucagon
- the liver converts glycogen to glucose
