Contraceptive Methods Flashcards
How does a male condom work?
It’s a thin membrane made of latex that goes over the penis to catch semen that the male ejaculates in intercourse.
What are the steps to using a male condom?
1) check expiration date
2) open package (not with teeth)
3) place unrolled condom on to the head of the react penis
4) Squeeze air out of the tip
5) remove after ejaculation (before limp)
6) Dispose
How effective are male condoms?
-98% effective at pregnancy prevention
-highly effective at reducing risk of STI’s
Where can you get male condoms?
-any drug store
-free at many clinics
-no prescription needed
What are the pros and cons of male condoms:
Pros:
-no serious side effects
-over the counter
Protection against STI’s
Cons:
-allergic reaction to latex
How does the female condom work?
A pouch fits inside of the vagina. Inner ring goes inside of vagina and outer ring stays on outside
How to put on a female condom
1) squeeze inner ring of condom and place into vagina
2) push inner ring far into the vagina
3) leave other ring on the outside
4) lead erect penis into vagina
5) after intercourse twist outer ring
6) put finger under upper ring and pull out
How effective are female condoms
-95% effective against pregnancy prevention
Where can you get female condoms?
-any drug store
-over the counter
What are the pros and cons to female condoms
Pro:
-no serious side effects
-no hormones
-can be put on hours before sex
-only birth control for females that ALSO prevents against STI’s
Cons:
-possible allergic reaction
-more awkward
-more expensive than male condoms
-not as effective as male condoms
How do spermicides work
They are a contraceptive spray which contains chemicals that create a film that kills sperm.
How to use spermicides
1) Read instructions on package
2) (foam or gel) Insert right before intercourse
3) (Suppositories) must be inserted 15 min before intercourse
How effective are spermicides?
-82% effective for pregnancy prevanetion
-no STI protection
Where can you get spermicides?
-any drug store
-no prescription needed
Pros and Cons to Spermicides
Pros:
-no serious side effects
-anyone can purchase
-very effective for STI protection when used with a condom
Cons:
-allergic reaction to chemicals
-possible irritation that may increase chance of STI contraction
How does Birth Control work?
Hormone pill that keep ovaries from releasing eggs and thickens cervical mucus to block sperm
How do you take Birth Control pills?
1) Take one pill by mouth every day at the same time
2) Once you get to your period week use the period pills (marked usually with different color)
3)Start new pack as soon as one is finished
How effective are birth control pills?
-99% effective for pregnancy prevention
-no STI protection
Where can you get birth control pills?
They can be obtained at a doctor’s office or
clinic and must be prescribed by a clinician.
Pros and cons of birth control pills
Pro:
-very effective
-regular periods
-shorter, lighter periods
-lower chance of cancer lumps
-lower ovarian cancer chances
-safe and healthy
-little to no weight gain
Con:
-risk for blood clot development \
-Brest tenderness
-headache
-nausea
How does the ring work?
continuous low dose of hormones that keep the ovaries from releasing eggs and thickens cervical mucus to block sperm from getting into the uterus. It also thins the lining of the uterus so that implantation is unlikely to occur.
How to use the ring
1)insert into vagina
2) leave in for 3 weeks
4) remove by hooking finger under rim of ring
5) remove on period week
How effective is the ring
-99% effective
-no STI protection
Where can you get the ring?
-can be obtained at the doctors office.
-must be prescribed
Pros and cons of the ring
Pro:
-very effective
-low maintained
-regular periods
-lower non cancerous breast cysts
-little to no weight gain
Cons:
-increased clotting
-breast tenderness
-headache
-nausea
-spotting
-expensive
How does the patch work?
. The patch is a thin, beige, flexible, two inch square patch (like a band aid) worn on the body.
-apply patch once a week (same day) for three weeks -put patch on buttocks, abdomen, upper torso, or upper arm
It releases a continuous low dose of hormones that keep the ovaries from releasing eggs and thickens
cervical mucus to block sperm from getting into the uterus.
How to use the patch
1)apply once a week (same day every week)
2) place on butt, abs, torso, arm (change location every time
3) remove period week
4) put it on again after period week
Where can you get the patch?
-Can be obtained at a clinic
-must be prescribed
Pros and cons of the patch
Pro:
-very effective -only needs to be maintained once a week -period can be predicted
Cons:
-hormone increase -higher risk for blood clotting -side effects: breast tenderness, headache, nausea, weight gain, spotting,
How does the shot work
Shot that is given every 3 months that keeps the ovaries from relaxing eggs. It thickens cervical mucus and thins the uterus lining
How to use the shot
1)get injected by professional
2) injected on thigh, arm, or butt every three months (woman’s)
How effective is the shot
-99% effective at pregnancy prevention
(If taken correctly)
-no protection from STI’s
Where can you get the shot
-can be obtained at a clinic
-must be administered by a healthcare professional
Pros and cons of shot
Pros:
-very effective
-few periods
-lower uterus cancer
-can be used by women who cannot take estrogen
-stops cramps
Cons:
-bone fracture risk
-must take claim supplement
-not recommended to be used over 2 years
-irregular bleeding
-increased appetite
-weight gain
-headache
How does the IUD work
prevent pregnancy by thickening cervical mucus to block the sperm from reaching an egg and affecting the ability of the sperm to move towards the egg.
The IUD is inserted into the uterus by a health care provider. It can remain in place and be effective for 3-10 years, depending upon the type. It can be removed by a health care provider at any time..
How to use IUD
1) inserted by health care professionals
2) stay in for 3-10 years
3) remove by professional anytime
How effective is the IUD
-99% effective for pregnancy prevention
-no STI protection
Where can you get the IUD
-at a clinic by a health care professional
Pros and cons of IUD
Pros:
-Highly effective
-long term
-quickly reversible
Cons:
-incorrect interaction
-pain with interaction nd removal
-heavy periods
-headaches
-weight gain
-could slip out of place
How does the Implant work
Small matchstick sized rod inserted into the upper arm . Thicken cervical mucus, keep ovaries from releasing eggs, prevents implantation.
How to use implant
1) inserted by health care professional
2) must be removed after 3 years MAX
How effective is the implant
-99% effective for pregnancy presentation -does not protect against STI’s
Where can you get the implant?
-doctors office
-put in by professional
Pros and Cons of implant
Pros:
-very effective
-minimal die effects
-easily reversible
Cons:
-can be inserted wrong
-painful insertion and removal
-irregular periods
How does the Diaphram work?
Soft rubber cup inserted into vagina which keeps sperm from the eggs by forming a barrier. Spermicides on it kill sperm
How to use Diaphram
1) Put on spermicides inside the cup
2) insert into vagina before intercourse
3) keep in for 8 hours after intercourse
4) remove after 8 hours and wash to reuse
How effective is the Diaphram
-94% effective for pregnancy prevention
Where can you get the Diaphram
A diaphragm must be obtained at a doctor’s office or
clinic. It must be sized by a clinician in a doctor’s
office or clinic. It can be purchased at the clinic or by prescription at a pharmacy.
Pros and cons of Diaphram
Pros:
-hormone free
-no serious risks
-can be put in way before intercourse
-one time cost (can be reused)
Cons:
-unconventional
-messy
-possible allergic reaction
How does plan B work
Taken 3-5 days after having unprotected sex. Prevents ovulation + conception
How to take plan B
1)take asap
2) take as many as given
3) worked if period came
How effective is plan B
-88% effective
Where can you get Plan B
-most pharmacies and clinics
Pros and Cons of Plan B
Pros:
-taken after intercourse
-no serious side effects
Cons:
-not super effective
-headache
-nausea
-irregular bleeding
What is abstinence?
to abstain from intercourse of various types
How can you be abstinent?
By not engaging in intercourse
How effective is it?
-100%
Pros and Cons of Abstinence
Pros:
100% effective
-no STI’s
-Free
Cons:
-hard to maintain
Where is the nearest Planned Parenthood
Hamilton NJ
