Contraception - 24

Question 1

Contraceptives

Answer 1

-prevent sperm and egg touching
-pills, injections, patches, condoms

Question 2

Contragestational Agents

Answer 2

-keep fertilized egg (zygote) fro implanting
-morning after pills and interuterine deviceds (IUDs)

Question 3

Abortifacients

Answer 3

-cause termination of established pregnancy
-mifepristone RU486

Question 4

Prevention Methods for each step

Answer 4

vasectomy = transport of viable sperm
condom = deposit of sperm in vagina
spermidices = survival of sperm in vagina
cervical cap = mvmnt of sperm into uternine tubes
-oral contraceptive = production of viable oocytes
-oral contracetion = ovulation
-abortion d&c = growth of fetus

Question 5

slide 4 preparation of endometrium

Question 6

Natural Birth Control

Answer 6

-absitince from sex 3 days before/after ovulation
-must be aware of ovulation symptos (drop in tem before ovulating, increase after, watery mucus, mittelschmerz one sided pain, low/har cervix = less fertile)

Question 7

Mucus ferning

Answer 7

high levels of estrogen due to crystalization of sodium

Question 8

Combination Pills

Answer 8

-estrogen and progestin to create a pseudopregnancy
-estrogen and progestin inhibit GnRH release so hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis is suppressed
-low FSH (so little eggs?)
-no LH surge (no ovulation)
-pills create thick mucus to prevent sperm migration
-keeps endomettirum in atrophic pahse and not secretory phase so zygote doesnt implant
-very effective
-21 days of pills

Question 9

Contraceptive Patches Evra

Answer 9

-work the same as pill but transdermal ddelively of steroids
-put on patch once a week

Question 10

Contraceptive Ring NuvaRing, Annovera

Answer 10

-ring put into vagine for 3 weeks, removed for 1
-no barrier to mvmnt of sperm but delivers steroids

Question 11

Injectable Combined Contraception

Answer 11

-long lasting progestone and a long last estrogen
-often monthly
-available in canada?

Question 12

Progestin Only Contracpetion

Answer 12

-avoids nausea/vomminting sympotoms of estrogen and breast tenderness ad deep vein thrombosis

-causes thinkcervial mucus but doesnt surpresss ovulation

-endometrium usually kep in atrophic (pregnant state) so zygote doesnt implant

Question 13

Progestin Only Pills (POPs)

Answer 13

-Micronor, Ovrette, Micronovum, Noriday (many others)
-taken every day excpet for 7 days in 28 day cycle
-missing a dose by hours can lead to ovulation and possibly pregnancy
-greaer risk fo pregnancy
-slight increase in ectopic pregnancy

Question 14

Progestin Injections

Answer 14

-depo-prova in butt or deltoid IM
-given 5 days after normal period, within 5 days pospartum if not breastfeeding, or 6 weeks postpartum if breastfeeding

-can cause DUB dysfunctional uterine bleeding
FINISH

Question 15

Long Acting Reversible Contraceptions LARCS

Answer 15

-very reliable
-3 available (copper, progestin, IUDs)
-no problems with compliane
-retunr of fertiltiy is fast after removal of device
-best option

Question 16

Progestin Implants

Answer 16

-estonogestrel rod (implanon/nexplanon) 3-4 years lasts, insert 21-28 days pp if not bfeeding, 4th week pp if breastfeeding with non-hormonal contraception in first week
-radiopaque (can move if not subdermal) but should always be palpable
-available in canada in a year
-can cause headaches, vaginitis, wright gain, acne, breast/abdomnal pain, pharyngitis
-depressed people should be mindful of symptoms and removed if needed

Question 17

Postcoital Contracepton

Answer 17

-morning after pills MAPs or Emergency contraceptive pills EPCS

-high does of progestin (plan B) within 72h, 2 pills taken within 12 hours of eachothhher, 90% effectove, inhibits progesterone and estrogen production delaying ovulation

-selective progesterone receptor modulator SPRM
ulipristal acetate blocks progesterone receptors inhibiting ovulation

Question 18

Antiprogestin SPRM

Answer 18

-antagonizes effects of progesterone - progeserone causes FINISH

Question 19

Male birth control

Answer 19

-fsh is largely repsonsible for sperm production, LH is respoisble for testosterone (will cause erectile dysfunction)

-combination of progestin and testosteone will liekly be availble

-now can get injection into vas deferens to block sperm movemven

-retnoic acid receptor RAR alpha blocker can stop sperm

or vasectomy (cut vas deferins)

Question 20

combination of oral contraceptives do not..

Answer 20

increase LH and FSH

(they decrease them)