Continuing Test 2 Flashcards
Simple columnar
Single layer of tall, closely packed cells
Function: secretion of mucus for protection and absorption of substances
Found in the lining of the digestive tract
Stratified squamous
Thick layers provide protection for the underlying layers
-found in the epidermal layer of the skin
Stratified cubodial
Often 2 layers of cuboidal cells
-rare in the body
-found in salivary and mammary glands
Stratified columnar
Columnar cells on the free surface
-rare in the body
-found in the larynx and the male urethra
Pseudo-stratified
Cell nuclei are found at different levels, so it appears stratified, though it is not
-function: secretion and absorption
-found in most of the upper respiratory tract
Transitional
Free surface cells vary in appearance, based on the stretching of the tissue
“Transition”=change shape with elasticity
Found in the lining of the bladder urinary bladder
Exocrine gland?
Secrete substances outward through a duct
Endocrine gland?
Ductless glands that secrete hormones through the bloodstream
Merocrine (exocrine gland)
Cells excrete the products (substances) via exocytosis
Mero= part
Ex: sweat glands
Apocrine (exocrine glands)?
A portion of the cell pinches off with the secreted products
Apo=tip
Ex: mammary glands
Holocrine (exocrine gland)?
Cells rupture and spill products into the duct.
Hol=whole
Ex: sebaceous glands in skin
Endocrine glands?
Secret hormones in the blood
-cells are packed tightly together with capillaries running through the tissue
Ex: thyroid, pancreas
Connective tissue is formed from…?
Mesenchyme
Chondrocyte example?
Cartilage
Osteocyte example?
Bone tissue
Fibrocytes example?
Connective tissues paper
Blood cells example?
Blood
Areolar loose connective tissue?
Mostly open space
-holds water and salts for surrounding tissues
-found under epithelium and around organs
Adipose loose connective tissue?
Comprised of fat cells (adipocytes)
-have large vacuoles that contain fat/oil
-insulates and warms the body
-provides nutrients to other cells
Reticular loose connective tissue?
Contains reticular fibers, which create a stiff framework that support other cells
Regular dense connective tissue?
Collagen fibers are arranged in one direction
-provides tensile strength like a rope
-found in tendons and ligaments
Irregular dense connective tissue?
Collagen fibers are arranged in many directions
-provides strength in multiple directions
-found in capsules around organs
Elastic dense connective tissues?
Provides flexible cushioning
-found between vertebrae and in arteries
Hyaline cartilage?
Glassy looking
-firm ground substance with lacuna (spaces for cells)
-few collagen fibers
-found in larynx, bridge of nose, and ribs
Fibro cartilage?
Contains lots of collagen, mostly running parallel.
-found in intervertebral spaces
Elastic cartilage?
Highly flexible
-more elastic fibers
-found in outer ear and tip of nose
Osseous tissue (bone)?
Osteocytes secrete ground substances, fibers, collagen, and fluids.
2 types: spongy and compact
Ground substance?
Plasma (fluid)
“Fibers”=
platelets which clot the blood
Mast cells (blood)?
Detect foreign substances
-contain granules that secrete inflammatory chemicals
Macrophages (blood)?
Blob like cells that engulf invading substances or organisms
Blood cells (blood)?
Red blood cells-erythrocytes (carry oxygen)
-white blood cells- leukocytes (provide immune response)
Smooth muscle tissue?
Contracts involuntarily
-non-striated
-found in walls of stomach, uterus, intestines, bladder, arteries, veins and eyes
Cardiac muscle tissue?
Contracts involuntarily
-striated
-found in the heart muscle
-activated by brain or hormones
Skeletal muscle tissue?
Contrasts voluntarily
-striated
-controlled by somatic nervous system
-connected to bones of the Skeleton
Nervous tissue?
-make up 10% of all nerve cells
-convert stimuli into nerve impulses
-pass impulses to other neurons, muscle fibers, or glands
-unable to regenerate
Neuroglia tissue?
Make up 90% of all nerve cells
-support and protect Neurons
-do not generate nerve impulses
-able to regenerate after injury
