CONTEMPO WORLD (RELIGION) Flashcards
1
Q
WHAT: the networking and expansion of once local products, beliefs, and practices into universal products, beliefs and practices often through technology.
A
Globalization
2
Q
WHAT: a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and world views that establishes symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and to moral values
A
Religion
3
Q
The World’s Major Religions
A
✓Hinduism
✓Buddhism
✓Judaism
✓Islam
✓Christianity
4
Q
RELIGIOUS CLASSIFICATION
A
Polytheism
Monotheism
Atheism
Animism
5
Q
RELIGIOUS CLASSIFICATION: Multiple gods
A
POLYTHEISM
6
Q
RELIGIOUS CLASSIFICATION: Single god
A
MONOTHEISM
7
Q
RELIGIOUS CLASSIFICATION: No deities
A
ATHEISM
8
Q
RELIGIOUS CLASSIFICATION: Nonhuman beings
(Animals, plants,
natural world)
A
ANIMISM
9
Q
RELIGIOUS CLASSIFICATION:
Hinduism, Ancient
Greeks, and Romans
A
POLYTHEISM
10
Q
RELIGIOUS CLASSIFICATION:
Judaism, Islam, Christianity
A
MONOTHEISM
11
Q
RELIGIOUS CLASSIFICATION:
Atheism, Buddhism and Taoism
A
ATHEISM
12
Q
RELIGIOUS CLASSIFICATION: Indigenous Nature Worship, Shintoism
A
ANIMISM
13
Q
WHO/WHAT THEY BELIEVE: Hinduism
A
Multiple gods
14
Q
WHO/WHAT THEY BELIEVE: Buddhism
A
Siddartha Gautama
15
Q
WHO/WHAT THEY BELIEVE: Islam
A
Allah (God)
Muhammad
16
Q
WHO/WHAT THEY BELIEVE: Christianity
A
Holy Trinity
Jesus Christ
17
Q
WHO/WHAT THEY BELIEVE: Judaism
A
God
Abraham
Moses
18
Q
EMILE DURKHEIM’S THREE MAJOR FUNCTIONS IN SOCIETY
A
Social Cohesion
Social Control
Provides Meaning and Purpose
19
Q
MAJOR FUNCTIONS IN SOCIETY: help maintain social solidarity, harmony, unity by sharing rituals and beliefs
A
Social Cohesion
20
Q
MAJOR FUNCTIONS IN SOCIETY: enforce religious-based morals and norms to help maintain conformity and control in society
A
Social Control
21
Q
MAJOR FUNCTIONS IN SOCIETY: answer any existential questions
A
Provides Meaning and Purpose
22
Q
MEANS ON DISSEMINATION OF RELIGIOUS IDEAS
A
❄ Information Technologies
❄ Transportation
❄ Media
23
Q
WHAT: an unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims.
A
Terrorism
24
Q
RELIGION: teaches that there is only one God and that “in the beginning” this God spoke the entire universe into existence.
A
Christianity
25
CHRISTIANITY: Adam and Eve tend the garden in which they live, and are free to eat from any tree except the...
Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil
26
CHRISTIANITY: Many generations after Adam, God chooses a man named _______ to make into a great nation. A nation that will one day birth a Messiah to release mankind from the bondage of sin and death.
Abraham
27
CHRISTIANITY: The word _______is used to describe an act that pays for or erases one's sins and transgressions
atonement
28
CHRISTIANITY: The resurrected Christ appears to many people over a span of ________ before he bodily ascends into heaven. From there he rules and reigns with God the Father and sends the Holy Spirit to teach his followers.
forty days
29
Christians call the message of Jesus Christ the Gospel, meaning the...
good news
30
RELIGION: Based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who lived about 25 centuries ago in what is now Nepal and northeastern India.
Buddhism
31
BUDDHISM: He came to be called "the Buddha," which means ______ after he experienced a profound realization of the nature of life, death and existence
awakened one
32
The most common estimate of the number of Buddhists in the world today is _______ which makes Buddhism the fourth largest of the world's religions.
350 million
33
Instead of teaching doctrines to be memorized and believed, the Buddha taught how we can realize truth for ourselves. The focus of Buddhism is on _______
practice rather than belief.
34
Basic Teachings of Buddhism: The foundation of Buddhism is the Four Noble Truths.
1. The truth of suffering (dukkha)
2. The truth of the cause of suffering (samudaya)
3. The truth of the end of suffering (nirhodha)
4. The truth of the path that frees us from suffering (magga)
35
RELIGION: simply means peace through submission to God. For a fifth of the world's population, it is both a religion and a complete way of life.
Islam
36
The three Abrahamic traditions
Judaism (2000 BC, the oldest)
Christianity (26 AD)
Islam (610 AD)
37
five pillars of practice in Islam
Shahadah
Salat
Sawm
Zakat
Hajj
38
FIVE PILLARS OF PRACTICE IN ISLAM: declaration of faith in the oneness of God and that Muhammad is the last prophet of God
Shahadah
39
FIVE PILLARS OF PRACTICE IN ISLAM: Payer five times a day
Salat
40
FIVE PILLARS OF PRACTICE IN ISLAM: Fasting during the daylight hours in the month of Ramadan.
Sawm
41
FIVE PILLARS OF PRACTICE IN ISLAM: Poor-due charity - 2.5% of one's savings given to the needy at the end of each year.
Zakat
42
FIVE PILLARS OF PRACTICE IN ISLAM: Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once, if physically and financially able.
Hajj
43
ISLAM: A book that is a collection of sayings and stories about the prophet
Hadith
44
Single set of laws that all Muslim Follow
Sharia
45
six articles of faith in Islam
belief in:
A) The One God.
B) All the Prophets of God.
C) The original scriptures revealed to Prophets Moses, David, Jesus, and Muhammad.
D) The Angels.
E) The Day of Judgment and the Hereafter.
F) The divine decree (or destiny).
46
To become Muslim, a person of any race or culture must say a simple statement, the (or the "witnessing"), that bears witness to the belief in the One God and that Prophet Muhammad was the last Prophet of God.
"shahadah"
47
ISLAM's first Caliph
Abu Bakr (Muhammad's father in law)
48
Two major sects of Islam
Sunni (Abu Bakr)
Shia (Ali)
49
______ embrace Islam without any military campaigns
Mongols
50
JUDAISM: One day, God spoke to a man named Abraham telling him to leave his home in Mesopotamia and take his family on a long journey west to a land called....
Canaan
51
JUDAISM: 10 plagues in Egypt that was a result to the refusal of the Pharaoh of freeing the Hebrew slaves
1. Water Into Blood
2. Frogs
3. Lice
4. Flies
5. Diseased Livestock
6. Boils that would not heal
7. Hail and Thunder
8. Locusts
9. Darkness
10. Death of the First Born
52
JUDAISM: When the Pharaoh agreed to free the slaves, Moses led his people out of Egypt in a journey called...
The Exodus
53
JUDAISM: two kingdoms of Israel
Israel
Judah (the jews)
54
JUDAISM: The scattering of Jews outside of Israel and Judah is called the....
Diaspora
55
RELIGION: Any Indian Religion that is indigenous from and grows out if India' sacred past
Hinduism
56
FORM OF HINDUISM: Involves a Brahmin priest who takes the animal you bring to him, sacrifices it, cooks it, and gives it to you to eat.
Vedic Sacrifice
57
HINDUISM: 1000 sacrifice songs gathered together and was called as....
Rig Veda
58
Hinduism: There is one ultimate essence of reality.
Brahman
59
Hinduism: our soul or essence
Atman
60
FORM OF HINDUISM: The simple joy of devotion to the gods
Bhakti Hinduism
61
FORM OF HINDUISM: The focus on the interplay between the devine masculine and feminine. Revolved with Lord Shiva and his consort (older text known as Parvati).
Shaktism
61
God worshiped in Judaism
Elohim
61
Important Figure in Judaism
Moses
61
Important Figure in Christianity
Saint Paul
62
Important Figure in Islam
Muhammad
63
God worshiped in Islam
Allah
64
Holy book of Judaism
Tanakh (Torah Naveem Ketuvim)
65
Place of worship of Judaism
Synagogue
66
Prayer Leader of Judaism
Rabbi (a spiritual guide and teacher)
67
Place of worship of Christianity
Church
68
Place of worship of Islam
Mosque
69
Holy book of Christianity
Bible
70
God worshiped in Christianity
Jesus
71
Prayer Leader of Christianity
Pastor (leads the congregation in worship and provides spiritual counseling)
72
Prayer Leader of Islam
Imam (leads the Muslim Community in prayer and offers religious guidance)
73
Prayer Ritual of Judaism
Amidah (performed while standing and consisting of blessings and supplications)
74
Prayer Ritual of Christianity
Liturgy (structured public worship service with prayers and readings and rituals that vary according to denomination)
75
Prayer Ritual of Islam
SALAH (prayer 5 times a day and includes physical actions and recitations from the Quran)
76
Greetings in Judaism
Shalom (wish for peace)
77
Greetings in Christianity
Peace be with you (conveys blessing)
78
Greetings in Islam
Assalamu Alaikum (peace be upon you)
79
Highest Jew population
Israel
80
Highest Christianity population
USA
81
Highest Islam population
Indonesia
82
Place of pilgrimage for Judaism
Western Wall in Jerusalem
83
Place of pilgrimage for Christianity
Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem
84
Place of pilgrimage for Islam
Kaaba in Mecca
85
Biggest Holiday in Judaism
Yom Kippur (fasting and repentance)
86
Biggest Holiday in Christianity
Christmas (birth of jesus)
87
Biggest Holiday in Islam
Eid Al-Adha (Sacrifice of Ibrahim)
88
Second Biggest Holiday of Judaism
Hanukkah (eight-day festival of lights)
89
Second Biggest Holiday of Christianity
Easter (the resurrection of Jesus Christ)
90
Second Biggest Holiday of Islam
Eid Al-Fitr (end of Ramadan)
91
Promised Land of Judaism
Olam Ha-Ba (peaceful place amongst the clouds)
92
Promised Land of Christianity
Heaven (kingdom above the sky)
93
Promised Land of Islam
Jannah (a beautiful garden filled with delights)
94
Place of Punishment in Judaism
Gehenna
95
Place of Punishment in Christianity
Hell
96
Place of Punishment in Islam
Jahannam
97
Creatures of Darkness of Judaism
Satan (agent of God responsible for testing humans)
98
Creatures of Darkness of Christianity
Devil (fallen angel)
99
Creatures of Darkness of Islam
Shaitan (Rebellious figure acting against God's Will)
100
False Prophet of Judaism
Mashiach Sheker
101
False Prophet of Christianity
Antichrist
102
False Prophet of Islam
Dajjal
103
Greatest deed of Judaism
Tikkun Olam (duty to rebuild the world so it can be a better place)
104
Greatest deed of Islam
Jihad (struggle in the name of God and sacrificing personal enjoyment to help others.
105
Greatest deed of Christianity
Love
106
Worst Violation of Judaism
Idolatry (betraying God to worship other deities)
107
Worst Violation of Christianity
7 deadly sins
108
Worst Violation of Islam
Shirk (worshiping more than one God)
109
Greatest Kingdom of Judaism
Kingdom of Israel (1047-930 BC)
110
Greatest Kingdom of Christianity
Byzantine Empire (330-145 AD)
111
Greatest Kingdom of Islam
Abbasid Caliphate (750-1517 AD)
112
Greatest King of Judaism
David
113
Greatest King of Christianity
Constantine
114
Greatest King of Islam
Mehmed II
115
Notable Woman in Judaism
Sarah (wife of Abraham)
116
Notable Woman in Christianity
Mary (mother of Jesus)
117
Notable Woman in Islam
Khadija (wife and mentor of Muhammad)
118
Special Food of Judaism
Maror & Charoset (Consumed during Passover)
119
Special Food of Christianity
Bread and Wine
120
Special Food of Islam
Dates and Honey (consumed to break the fast during Ramadan)
