Containment Flashcards
What is NATO?
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. It was founded against the Soviet Union in hope of keeping Germany down, in order to protect the North Atlantic Area. They acted upon a military and political basis. They have supposedly changed their motives for peaceful ones, but still remain an organisation whose beliefs go strongly against communism, to the extent of refusing the Soviet Union in the organisation.
What were the Nationalists?
A chinese revolutionary party created in the early 20th century, based on the “Three People’s Principles”, socialism, democracy and national regeneration.
What was the Chinese Communist Party?
Formed in 1921, and committed to Marxist revolution in China.
What were the Unequal Treaties?
The Unequal Treaties were a series of agreements forced in China in the 19th century, which obliged it to surrender territory and accept trade on Western terms.
What form of government was in place in China before the victory?
An imperial and hierarchal structure based on Conservatism.
What was the event nicknamed the White Terror?
A big culling of the Communists by the Nationalists.
In what year did the Invasion of Manchuria happen and why?
1931, having underestimated the Japanese threat.
After 1931, who led the new form of active resistance against Japan ?
Mao.
Between what years did the Japanese maintain their invasion of China?
1937 to 1945.
What precedented the Korean War?
Korea was divided into Soviet occupation in the North and American occupation in the North and American occupation in the South. This was considered a temporary arrangement, as well as the border they’d agreed on.
What triggered the Korean War?
A Soviet Invasion of the South, which is to say American Korea.
How is Korea organised today?
Still divided between communism in the North, and an independent structure in the South.
What triggered the Berlin Blockade?
The USSR blocked access To West Berlin Roads, because they believed it to be a threat to their economy as well as communism.
What are the two steps to the blockade?
1 - Restricted access to the civil population only, no military was allowed.
2 - Complete blockade.
What was the outcome of the Berlin Blockade?
The Soviet’s gave in, as America was sending in a constant air supply for 11 months. The territory became democratic in the middle of an eastern communist area.
What was the Bay of Pigs invasion ?
The US launched a paramilitary operation in a covert operation to knock out the self appointed leader Cuba.
Why was the Bay of Pigs invasion such a huge failure for the US?
Because they believed they would be very well welcomed to help an ongoing uprising, however the uprising was not only inexistent but also Castro was hugely popular in Cuba. The troops Kennedy sent in were met with resistance.
Other than an ideological motive for invading Cuba, where there any other possible reasons this would otherwise benefit the US?
Cuba offered many sugar plantations and agricultural businesses that could help the US economy.
What was the consequence of the Bay of Pigs Invasion ?
A loss of popularity of the US, and therefore a rise in popularity for Castro.
What did the Cuban Missiles crisis consist of?
American missiles in Italy posed a threat to the USSR. There ensued a covert operation to counteract this by the construction of nuclear launch sites.
What was the secret form of communication between the Kremlin and the White House called?
The Hotline.
What was the Partial Nuclear Test Ban treaty that both parties eventually agreed on ?
The treaty prevented nuclear tests unless they were directed underground.
Why did West Berlin pose a threat to the Soviet Union?
It was called a “Buffer-zone for communism” and the economic success and political freedom was a symbol of thriving capitalist systems. There began to be a huge migration from the East to the West.
How did the Soviet Union attempt to stop the migration from East to West at first?
By decreeing that the city need reunifying, and that America should leave East Berlin be.
