Britain in 1945 Flashcards
Up until what year was there a aristocratic dominance over the House of Lords?
1911.
Victorian attitudes towards women persisted into ?
The 20th century.
How was Britain economy after WW2?
In 1945, effectively bankrupt. At the war’s peak, Britain was spending 50% of it’s total national income on war.
Apart from it’s economical situation, what other problems was Britain forced to face?
- India wanted independence
- Violence was breaking out in Palestine
- The British Industry was heavily outdated.
- Desire for social welfare and more equal society.
What were the five social issues that Beveridge called out on in the post war context, that he named the five giants?
1 - Want 2 - Ignorance 3 - Disease 4 - Squalor 5 - Idleness
How can Beveridge’s Five Giants be otherwise perceived?
1 - Poverty 2 - Education 3 - Health 4 - Living Conditions 5 - Unemployment
Who were blamed for the mismanagement of the economy in the thirties?
The tories.
what form of economical standpoint did the Labour Party have?
Keynesian economics, which consisted in government intervention in the economy through investments.
What was Von Hayek’s economic philosophy ?
He believed in market, liberalism and laissez-faire.
What form of sectoral shift was Britain undergoing ?
From an industrial economy to a service based one.
Why did the Labour party initiate a form of nationalisation?
To prevent unemployment, increase production, restore trade, establish a welfare state system, and modernise the industry.
How much employment under Labour?
98,5%.
When was the NHS enacted and what was it’s point?
It was enacted in 1946, and came into force in 1948. It provided free health care service run by the state.
When was the Butler Education Act and what did it stipulate?
1944 and free education for all.
What did the post war Labour party achieve ?
- Quick recovery from the war
- Establishment of the Welfare State
- Full employment
- Decolonisation was achieved in India.
