Constructions Flashcards

1
Q

What complex weaves use two sets of yarn?

A
  • Dolby
  • Leno
  • jacquard
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2
Q

How is Leno weave produced?

A
  • made with special attachment
  • paired warp yarns are intertwined and weft yarn is passed through each intersections, producing a firm mesh with lace like appearance
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3
Q

Characteristics of Leno weaves

A
  • does not snag
  • stronger than plain weave
  • warp yarn does not lie 90 degrees to weft, but weft still held in place
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4
Q

Name two advantages of Leno weaves

A
  • allow light and air to pass through freely

- increased friction between yarns

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5
Q

How is a Dobby weave produced?

A
  • Controls all warp threads using a Dobby
  • Every warp thread attached to a shaft using a heddle
  • Each shaft controls a set of threads, raising or lowering the shafts creates shed (gaps) for the shuttle to be thrown through
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6
Q

How is a jacquard weave produced?

A
  • the easing of each independent warp thread is programmed

- means much greater versatility

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7
Q

What are some characteristics of jacquard weaves (4) and what are they used to create? (1)

A
  • used to create large scale intricate patterns using two or more sets of threads
  • multi structured
  • expensive to produce
  • long floats (snagging / low dimensional stability
  • hard to clean
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8
Q

What are the features of a brocade?

A
  • common jacquard

- raised designs in colour that contrast with background

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9
Q

What are the features of a damask?

A
  • common jacquard
  • warp and weft normally the same colour
  • warp is lustrous and weft a duller yarn, to create visible pattern and reversible fabric
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10
Q

what are the features of a tapestry?

A
  • common jacquard

- flora/fauna in multi-colour

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11
Q

What are the features of a matelasse?

A
  • common jacquard

- quilted or cushioned fabric created by wadding a double or compound cloth

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12
Q

Name three figured fabrics that use 3 sets of yarn

A
  • warp figuring
  • weft figuring
  • warp and weft figuring
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13
Q

Name three pile fabrics that use 3 sets of yarn

A
  • velvets
  • corduroys
  • bedford cords
  • terry cloth
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14
Q

How are pile fabrics generally constructed?

A
  • 3 setts of yarn
  • one sett of warp and one set of weft form the ground fabric
  • extra set forms the loops which can be cut or uncut
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15
Q

How is corduroy constructed?

A
  • Base fabric and pile woven at the same time
  • 3rd sett of threads is usually weft, which is cut, then brushed to create rows
  • veritable rows are called wales
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16
Q

How is terry cloth constructed?

A

Same as corduroy but left uncut to keep loops, very absorbing

17
Q

how is velvet constructed?

A
  • Normally woven on a double action shuttle loom
  • two layers are woven simultaneously
  • then sheared in the middle
18
Q

Name four fabrics woven using 4 sets of threads

A
  • self stitched
  • centre stitched
  • interchanging
  • velvets