Basic Woven Structures Flashcards
How many sets of threads do BASIC structures normally use?
2 sets of threads: one warp and one weft
What structures use two sets of yarn? (7)
Plain weave Rib Hopsack Twill Satin/sateen Crepe Honeycomb
What are the advantages of a plain weave? (5)
Firmness Resistance to abrasion Resistance to snagging Easy to clean Cheap to produce
What are the disadvantages of plain weave?
Wrinkles
Low in tear strength
Flat in appearance / simple or dull
Describe the three main points of a rib weave.
Appearance, production, yarn
- Its unbalanced w noticeable lines on surface
- Two or more threads weave as one in either warp or weft
- Normally, heavy yarns in one direction, finer yarns for the other (exaggerates the rib)
How is a hopsack weave produced?
Two or more ends and picks interlacing identically to produce a checkered pattern
What are the advantages of a hopsack weave? (5)
- reversible
- sheds wrinkles
- loose, porous
- flexible due to loose construction
- high tear strength
What are the disadvantages of hopsack weave?
- yarn slippage
- low dimensional stability
- difficult to sew
- snagging
How would you recognise a twill?
- distinguishable diagonal lines on fabric surface
- floats
Name two types of twill:
R.H twill
Herringbone
What are the advantages of a twill? (4)
- high tear strength
- hides dirt
- soft
- better wrinkle recovery
What are the disadvantages of a twill? (2)
- Pattern restrictions due to diagonal line
- definite right and wrong
How is a satin or sateen constructed?
One yarn (e.g warp) travels over four or more of another yarn (e.g weft) Different types are identified by float length
What is the difference between satin and sateen?
Warp goes over = satin
Weft goes over = sateen
What are the advantages of satin/sateen? (3)
- lustrous
- smooth surface
- good drape
What are the disadvantages of satin/sateen? (4)
- poor abrasion resistance
- easily snags
- not durable
- expensive to produce
Any woven fabric with less interlacing points and long floats tend to have these properties: (5)
- high tear strength
- hide dirt easily
- snag easily
- softer
- wrinkle recoverability
Describe the appearance of a crepe weave:
4
- highly twisted yarns
- uniformly irregular in appearance
- non-direction
- rough/ pebbly surface
What is crepe good for?
2
- Stretch and flexibility from high twist yarns
- Summer wear
Describe a honeycomb weave:
- 3D effect due to areas of plain weave and areas of floats
- waffle-like
Briefly describe muslin.
Plain weave cotton fabric for domestic use
Briefly describe poplin.
Rib effect runs across fabric from selvage to selvage by weft yarns
Briefly describe cambric weave.
Lightweight, dense, plain cotton used for linens and shirting etc.
Briefly describe denim
Twill fabric with indigo dyed warp and white weft
