Construction Basics Flashcards
What are four basic types of foundation?
- Post and Beam - AKA Pier and Beam
- Slab
- Crawl Space
- Full Basement
A pier/post and beam foundation involves wood posts or concrete piers set into the ground. True or False
True
What is a slab-on-grade or floating slab foundation constructed from?
Concrete
Crawl spaces offer convenient access to pipes, substructures, and a variety of other areas that may be difficult or expensive to access otherwise. True or False
True
A daylight basement is also referred to as?
A walk-out basement
Define “look-out” basement.
The basement walls extend sufficiently above
ground level so that some of the basement windows a re above ground level.
A basement that has an exterior entrance via a stairwell is referred to as_____.
“walk-up” basement
Full masonry, wood frame, and specialty or alternative construction are all categories of what type of structure?
Dwelling
What are some common materials used in masonry construction?
brick, stone, marble, granite, travertine, limestone, cast stone, concrete block, glass block, stucco, tile, and cob.
What is the most common building method in North America?
Wood Frame Construction
Any building that does not fall under masonry or wood construction are considered what type of construction?
Alternative
List the three main components/systems of wood framed buildings.
- Floors
- Walls
- Roof
_______ are a completed unit comprised of joists, blocking a nd sub-flooring.
Floors
Walls are comprised of ____ _____, _____ ____, and ___. The wood may be either 2x4 or 2x6.
top plates
bottom plates
studs
Roofs can be made of individually cut and placed ____, or by engineered ____ systems.
Rafters
Truss
The ____ ____ are supported either by beams or by sitting directly on the foundation wall or, in multiple storied houses, on top of the walls of the floor below.
Floor joists
List the two common types of wall framing.
California framing
Balloon framing
Gable, Hip, Gambrel, Mansard, Flat, and Shed are all types of what?
Roofs
Typical exterior components of a home include.
Siding and trim
Windows and doors
Roofing
Decks and porches
_______ essential function is to protect the building from the elements.
Siding’s
_____ fills in the gapes in the siding and provides visual transitions between different parts of the structure. It is often found around windows and doors, at corners and projections and at the top or bottom of walls.
Trim
What do you need to determine with windows and doors?
Size
Type
Quality
Siding is measured in squares. True or False
True
Trim is measured in _____ ______.
Linear feet
Asphalt, wood, metal, masonry, and vinyl are among the most common ________ materials.
Roofing
What is installed to protect the roof from moisture created by condensation and vapor transfer?
Vapor Barrier/Ice and Water Shield
What is included in the guts of a house?
Electrical wiring
Heating and cooling
Plumbing: water supply and waste elimination
Romex is a plastic coated wire with either two or three conductors and a bare ground wire. True of False
True
Knob and Tube wiring is common today. True or False
False
What type plugs are used for 120 volts?
A and B
A breaker box contains what?
Circuit breakers
List three types of heating methods.
Furnace
Heat pump
Radiant heaters
List two types of cooling methods.
Air conditioning
Swamp cooler
What are the main components of plumbing?
Supply
Drains
Vents
List some of the interior elements of construction.
- Wall coverings and paint
- Trim: crown, case, and base
- Flooring: wood, tile, vinyl, and carpet
- Stairs
- Kitchens
- Baths
All wall coverings are measured in ____ ______.
Square feet
I baseboard located at the top of bottom of the wall?
Bottom
Wood, tile, vinyl/linoleum, and carpet are all types of ______.
Flooring
In order to measure stairs what do you need to know?
The overall rise and run of the stairs.
