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z Tudors : HVII > Consolidation of power > Flashcards

Consolidation of power Flashcards

1
Q

When was the battle of Bosworth ?

A
  • 22nd Aug 1485
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2
Q

Why was HVII’s claim to the throne weak ?

A
  1. Through a female line descended through his mother Lady Beaufort)
  2. The line came through John Gaunt’s third wife and there son was born before their marriage so was seen as illegitimate
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3
Q

Why was there little public support for Richard III ?

A
  • Suspicion regarding the Princes of the tower

- Other presumed crimes

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4
Q

Where did HVII live and how did this influence his skillset ?

A
  • Lived abroad since the age of 14 when Edward IV regained power for the House of York
  • Fled to Brittany and his ability to think like a fugitive proved useful training for his future as a ruler
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5
Q

What was HVII’s main aim ?

A
  • To consolidate his throne
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6
Q

When did HVII date his reign from and why ?

A
  • 21st Aug 1485 (day before battle of Bosworth) to ensure anyone who fight against him could be designated as a traitor
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7
Q

How did HVII consolidate his reign through family ?

A
  • Made his step uncle William Stanley the chamberlain of the household
  • Jan 1586 : Married Elizabeth of York (daughter of Edward IV) waited so their were no claims he got the throne through his marriage and also used it as propaganda due to the union of York and Lancaster (Tudor rose)
  • Sept 1586 : Arthur was born
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8
Q

How did HVII eliminate claimants to the throne ?

A
  • Arranged for supporters to detain the Earl of Warwick who was seen as having a greater claim than HVII
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9
Q

How did HVII reward his supporters ?

A
  • Publicly rewarded his key supporters eg 11 knighthoods

- Made key appointments to his household and council eg Reginald Bray to Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster

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10
Q

How did HVII use parliament to consolidate his power ?

A
  • Parliamentary acts of attainder against Yorkists who fought at Bosworth (lost title, lands etc) and their property was forfeited to the crown
  • Parliament granted HVII the customs revenue of Tonnage and poundage for life (right to raise revenue for the whole reign from imports and exports)
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11
Q

When was HVII’s coronation and why ?

A
  • 30th Oct 1485 : before the meeting of parliament for the first time on 7th Nov 1485
  • Demonstrated the throne was based on hereditary right and not because parliament sanctioned it
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12
Q

Who did HVII fear and why ?

A
  • Margret of Burgundy (Edward IV and Richard III’s sister)

- She had access to funds which enabled her to encourage the ambitions of Yorkist claimants

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13
Q

When was the first rising against HVII and who led it ?

A
  • Easter 1486

- Led by Viscount Lovell and the Staffords

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14
Q

Where was the Lovell and Stafford rising and why was this significant ?

A
  • North riding of Yorkshire (Richard’s heartlands) and the midlands (area of Yorkist support)
  • Showed how there was little enthusiasm at this stage for a Yorkist rising in their traditional heartlands
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15
Q

How easily was the Lovell/Stafford rising suppressed ?

A
  • Easily
  • Stafford was captured and executed
  • Lovell managed to escape
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16
Q

Who was Simnel being passed as ?

A
  • Earl of Warwick who had been imprisoned by HVII
17
Q

When was Simnel crowned King of Ireland ?

A
  • May 1487
18
Q

Who put together the conspiracy of Warwick, how did HVII disprove this hoax and what did this result in ?

A
  • John de la pole, Earl of Lincoln
  • HVII exhibited the real Earl of Warwick for everyone to see in London
  • Lincoln fled and joined Lovell at the court of Margret of Burgundy in the Netherlands
19
Q

How did Margret of Burgundy assist Simnel/Warwick ?

A
  • Supported his bogus claims and payed for a force of mercenaries to invade England
20
Q

How did HVII respond to the threat of foreign mercenaries and an invasion of Simnel ?

A
  • Reinstated the untrustworthy Earl of Northumberland (supported Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth)
  • this helped neutralise Richard’s old power base and ensured the Howard family wouldn’t join the conspiracy
  • also reinforced coastal defences in East Anglia
21
Q

Where did the rebels land before the Battle of Stoke field ?

A
  • North West Coast in Cumberland and crossed the penines to drum up support from the North Riding of Yorkshire
22
Q

Where did the 2 armies meet at the Battle of Bosworth and when was the battle of Stoke Field ?

A
  • East stoke

- June 1487

23
Q

Why was HVII apprehensive at the Battle of Stoke field ?

A
  • Feared he may be double crossed as Richard III was at the Battle of Bosworth
24
Q

Why did HVII win the Battle of Stoke Field and why was it significant ?

A
  • Lincoln was killed in battle having being unable to add sufficient followers to the army of mercenaries
  • Earl of Oxford led HVII’s army effectively
  • Brought an end to the war of the roses
25
Q

How did HVII treat his opponents and supporters following the Battle of Stoke field ?

A
  • Mild treatment of those who rebelled so won over some Yorkists who previously opposed him (due to his hard work, organisational skills and military leadership)
  • Developed the policy of bonds of good behaviour (sum didn’t have to be paid back providing the conditions were observed) to ensure land owners were well behaved
26
Q

What happened to Richard de la pole ?

A
  • exiled but still at large

- Killed fighting for French forces in the Battle of Pavia

27
Q

What happened to Suffolk ?

A
  • Fled to Flanders in 1498 then returned but fled in 1501 and this time seeking refuge at the court of Maximilian
  • 1506 Treaty of Windsor : Maximilian agreed to give up Suffolk who was imprisoned in the Tower of London + executed under HVIII (1513)
28
Q

How was the actual Earl of Warwick dealt with ?

A
  • Having being imprisoned since the Battle of Bosworth
  • Executed in 1499 having being accused of plotting with Warbeck
  • HVII was able to conveniently get rid of the most obvious Yorkist claimant
29
Q

Who was Warbeck ?

A
  • Cloth trader from Flanders
  • 1491 began to impersonate the Duke of York in Ireland, briefly appeared in France and was then forced to flee to the court of Margret of Burgundy
30
Q

When did Warbeck attempt to land in England ?

A
  • 1495 : HVII had been informed of his intentions and Warbeck was quickly defeated and fled to the court of James IV of Scotland
31
Q

Who was involved in the Warbeck plot that was significant ?

A
  • Sir William Stanley (step-uncle) was Lord Chamberlain and headed the Royal Household when the Household government was still the normal model of political operation
32
Q

What were the final moves of Warbeck ?

A
  • 1496 : small force of Scottish troops crossed the border but had to retreat quickly
  • Auld Alliance (HVII’s daughter was to marry James IV to secure the northern border)
  • Tried to exploit the Cornish rebellion in 1497 but was forced to surrender
33
Q

How did HVII deal with Warbeck ?

A
  • Leniently at first, allowing him to stay at court but when he tried to abscond he was sent to the tower
  • Having allegedly tried to escape with Warwick, he was accused of treason and they were both executed

z Tudors : HVII (4 decks)

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