Conservatism - Differences And Tensions Within Conservatism

Question 1

Traditional Conservatism

Answer 1

• the oldest form of conservatism but is less significant that ON and New right conservatism

Question 2

Traditional - hierarchy & Paternalism

Answer 2

• main ideas of traditional conservatism are heirarchy and paternalism
• more authoritarain
• paternalistic and hierarchical ideas of traditional conservatism evolved into ON ideas of noblesse oblige
• traditional conservatism believes society is naturally hierarchal and based on inequalities

Question 3

Traditional - society

Answer 3

• court is a living entity with complex traditional
• change to one part of society will effect the test of society and so gradual change is preferred over radical change
• reform to society must be pragmatic and learn from past lessons

Question 4

One-nation conservatism

Answer 4

• emerged int the UK as a result f capitalism and the industrial revolution
• idea of government intervention in an the interests of all
• Conservative Party changed to make sure they remained in power by appealing to working class voters as well
• centred around noblesse oblige, change to conserve and supporting the workng class

Question 5

Noblesse oblige and conservatives

Answer 5

• believe in hierarchy & natural inequalities & so theres always people of a higher status
• people of high status have an obligation to help others
• reinforces the idea that there should be a ruling elite

Question 6

Examples of noblesse oblige

Answer 6

• David Cameron prosier to scrap taxes for people earning minimum wage in 2014
• examples of the privileged society using their power to help the poorest in society

Question 7

New Right Conservatism

Answer 7

• has two different parts - economic liberalism and social conservatism

Question 8

Neo-Liberalism

Answer 8

• associated with a free-market economy and less government intervention intention in the economy
• in the 1980’s Thatcher deregulated the stock market and privatised the industries that were nationalised after the Second World War

Question 9

Privatisation

Answer 9

• when publicly owned companies and goods are sold, so private individuals and companies own and control them
• Thatcher privatised coal and steel companies
• privatisation is supposed to make companies more efficent and competitive

Question 10

Neoliberalism; individualism

Answer 10

• believes that individuals are rational and self-interested, which is termed atomistic individualism
• believe that freedom can only be persevere through less government intervention
• neoliberals - free market is a guarantee of individual freedom
• welfare state limits freedom and undermines atomistic individualism because people become dependant on state welfare

Question 11

New right Conservative examples

Answer 11

• New right conservatism became important because of the 1970’s and 1980’s in the UK
• Thatcher and Reagan are examples of new right conservtaives

Question 12

Neoconservatism

Answer 12

• social conservatives who believe that changes in society have lead to a break down of heirarchy and low & order In society
• disagree it’s permissiveness and changes in public morality like homosexuality, divorce, abortion
• Neoconservatives wish for a return to law & order are tough on crime (eg giving police greater powers of stop & search)