Consciousness Flashcards
Consciousness
Movement to movement awareness of ourselves and the environment
Conscious ( psychodynamic view
Are mental events that we are currently aware of
Preconscious
Is outside of your current awareness and easily recalled
Unconscious
Isn’t brought into current awareness under ordinary circumstances (unacceptable urges + tramatic experiences).
Controlled cognitive view
Effortful- voluntary use of attention and conscious effort.
Automatic cognitive view
Has little or no conscious processing- Routine well learned.
The circadian rhythm
Refers to the body’s natural 24 hour cycle, roughly matched to the day/night cycle of light and dark.
In stages of sleep we….
Cycle through stages roughly every 90 minutes.
Beta waves
Occur when awake and alert
Alpha waves
Occur when relaxed and drowsy
Stage 1
Light sleep
Stage 2
Sleep deepens, muscles become more relaxed .
Stage 3
Sleep deepens, regular appearance of delta waves.
Stage 4
Sleep deepens, delta waves dominate pattern.
What happens after stage 4
You go back through earlier stages 3, 2, but not 1. Instead the REM stage occurs.
REM sleep
Rapid eye movements, high arousal, and frequent dreaming.
Eugine Aserinsky’s discovery
Dreams occur during periods of wild brain activity and rapid eye movements (REM)
Sleep paralysis
Occurs when the brain stem blocks the motor cortex’s messages and muscles don’t move. Known as paradoxical sleep, your brain is active but your muscles are immobile.
Restoration model
Sleep recharges our bodies and allows recovery from physical and mental fatigue.
How much sleep does a young adult nedd each night?
7-9 hours
Insomnia
Chronic difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing restful sleep (most common sleep disorder).
Pseudoinsomniacs
Complain of insomnia but sleep normally.
Narcolepsy
Extreme daytime sleepiness and sudden, uncontrollable sleep attacks.
REM sleep behaviour disorder
Loss of muscle tone that causes REM and sleep paralysis. Sleeper may act out in dreams and may kick, punch, or move wildly.
Sleep Apnea
Repeated cycle in which breathing stops and restarts during sleep.
Sleepwalking
Typically occurs during stage 3 and 4.
Freud’s Psychonanalytic theory
That dreams are wish fulfillment. Are gratification of unconscious desires/ needs. (Sexual and aggressive urges)
Agonsists
Increase neurotransmitter activity
Antagonists
Inhibit or decrease neurotransmitter activity
Tolerance
Decrease in responsivity to drug (need larger doses). Neural, metabolic, and behavioural.
Withdrawal
Compensatory responses after drug is discontinued.
Cocaine
blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine.
Crack
Chemically converted form of cocaine. The effects are faster and more intense.
Hallucinogens
produce hallucinations.
