Connective Tissues

Question 1

connective tissue (gen)

Answer 1

-most abundant and diverse tissue

Question 2

connective tissue- main classes

Answer 2

1. connective tissue proper
2. blood- fluid connective tissue
3. Cartilage (supporting connective tissues)
4. Bone tissue (supportive connective tissues)

Question 3

components of connective tissues

Answer 3

1. cells (according to tissue)
2. matrix (everything between the cells)
   a. protein fibers (according to tissue)
   b. ground substance (open space)
   *common embryonic origin- mesenchyme

Question 4

classes of connective tissue

Answer 4

1. connective tissue proper
2. cartilage
3. osseous (bone)
4. blood

Question 5

connective tissue proper subclasses

Answer 5

1. loose connective tissue
2. dense connective tissue

Question 6

cartilage subclasses

Answer 6

1. hyaline cartilage
2. fibrocartilage
3. elastic cartilage

Question 7

osseous subclasses

Answer 7

1. compact bone
2. spongy bone

Question 8

connective tissue proper- structures

Answer 8

variety of cells, fibers, and ground substances
*types depend on use

Question 9

cells found in connective tissue proper

Answer 9

-fibroblasts (most common)
-macrophages, lymphocytes (antibody producing cells)
-adipocytes
-mast cells (help signal)
-stem cells

Question 10

fibers found in connective tissue proper

Answer 10

-collagen (strong, thick, abundant)
-elastic (branching, thin)
-reticular (form of collagen, but thinner)

Question 11

ground substance in connective tissue proper

Answer 11

fill the extracellular space along with fibers
help determine function of tissue

Question 12

classifications of loose connective tissue

Answer 12

loose connective tissue:
-areolar (most common)
-reticular
-adipose

Question 13

classifications of dense connective tissue

Answer 13

dense connective tissue (lots of fibers, mostly collagen):
-regular
-irregular
-elastic

Question 14

areolar connective tissue: description
*yarn!

Answer 14

gel like matrix with:
-all 3 fiber types (reticular, collagen, elastic) for support
-fibroblasts secrete glycoproteins in ground space
-cells: fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells (famm)
-highly vascular tissue (to keep epithelial alive)

Question 15

areolar connective tissue: function

Answer 15

-wraps and cushions organs
-holds and conveys tissue fluid
-fight against infection *inflammation

Question 16

areolar connective tissue: location

Answer 16

-under epithelia!
-packages organs
-surrounds capillaries

Question 17

adipose tissue: description

Answer 17

-closely packed fat cells
-nucleus pushed to one side by fat droplet

Question 18

adipose tissue: function

Answer 18

-stores energy
-insulation
-supports/protects organs

Question 19

adipose tissue: location

Answer 19

-under skin
-around kidneys
-behind eyes, in abdomen and breasts

Question 20

reticular connective tissue: description
*olive tree!

Answer 20

network of reticular fibers (thin collagen fibers) in loose ground substance

Question 21

reticular connective tissue: functions

Answer 21

provides internal framework of organs

Question 22

reticular connective tissue: location

Answer 22

-red bone marrow
-spleen

Question 23

dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 23

mess that is pink and looks like ice cream

Question 24

dense irregular connective tissue: description

Answer 24

-primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers
-some elastic fibers and fibroblasts

Question 25

dense irregular connective tissue: function

Answer 25

-withstands tension in MULTIPLE DIRECTIONS -provides structural strength

Question 26

dense irregular connective tissue: location

Answer 26

-dermis of skin -fibrous capsules of joints and organs *allows FLEXIBILITY!

Question 27

dense REGULAR connective tissue

Answer 27

wave check! parallel collagen fibers

Question 28

dense regular connective tissue: description

Answer 28

-mostly parallel collagen fibers -fibroblasts and some elastic fibers -poorly vascularized *body doesn't fix tendons very well

Question 29

dense regular connective tissue: function

Answer 29

-attaches muscle to bond (TENDON) -attaches bone to bone (LIGAMENT) -withstands great stress in ONE directoin

Question 30

dense regular connective tissue: location

Answer 30

-tendons and ligaments -fascia around muscles

Question 31

elastic connective tissue

Answer 31

*stretchy like balloon! -elastin fibers are important in the recoil of organs like aorta, arteries, lungs

Question 32

cartilage: characteristics

Answer 32

*every bone junction has cartilage -firm, flexible tissue -no blood vessels or nerves -matrix is mostly water (why not rigid) -cell type: chondrocyte (cartilage cell)

Question 33

cartilage: types

Answer 33

1. hyaline 2. elastic -fibrocartilage

Question 34

chondrocyte

Answer 34

evil eye looking thing

Question 35

hyaline cartilage: desciption

Answer 35

-imperceptible collagen fibers -chondroblasts produce matrix -chondrocytes lie in lacunae

Question 36

hyaline cartilage: function

Answer 36

-supports and reinforces -resilient cushion -resists repetitive stress

Question 37

hyaline cartilage: location

Answer 37

-ends of long bones- in legs and arms -cartilage in ribs -nose, trachea, and larynx cartilage

Question 38

elastic cartilage: description

Answer 38

*more flexible -similar to hyaline cartilage -but more elastic fibers in matrix

Question 39

elastic cartilage: function

Answer 39

-maintains shape of structure -allows flexibility

Question 40

elastic cartilage: location

Answer 40

-supports external ear -epiglottis (flap that covers airway when swallowing)

Question 41

Fibrocartilage: description

Answer 41

-matrix similar but less firm that hyaline cartilage -thick collagen fibers predominate *parallel fibers like dense regular, but has lacuna

Question 42

fibrocartilage: function

Answer 42

-tensile strength and ability to absorb shock

Question 43

fibrocartilage: location

Answer 43

-intervertebral discs -pubic symphysis -discs of knee joint (meniscus)

Question 44

bone tissue: function *rings on tree!

Answer 44

-supports and protects organs -provides attachment site for muscles -stores calcium -stores fat (YELLOW marrow) -RED marrow is site for blood cell formation (where reticular is found!)

Question 45

bone tissue: location

Answer 45

bones

Question 46

osteocyte

Answer 46

bone-cell squashed spiders= lacuna

Question 47

blood tissue: description

Answer 47

red and white blood cells in fluid matrix (plasma)

Question 48

blood tissue: function

Answer 48

-transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, and wastes

Question 49

blood tissue: location

Answer 49

in blood vessels

Question 50

blood tissue: characteristics

Answer 50

-atypical connective tissue -consists of cells surrounded by fluid matrix