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Anatomy & Physiology > Connective Tissues > Flashcards

Connective Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

connective tissue (gen)

A

-most abundant and diverse tissue

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2
Q

connective tissue- main classes

A
  1. connective tissue proper
  2. blood- fluid connective tissue
  3. Cartilage (supporting connective tissues)
  4. Bone tissue (supportive connective tissues)
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3
Q

components of connective tissues

A
  1. cells (according to tissue)
  2. matrix (everything between the cells)
    a. protein fibers (according to tissue)
    b. ground substance (open space)
    *common embryonic origin- mesenchyme
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4
Q

classes of connective tissue

A
  1. connective tissue proper
  2. cartilage
  3. osseous (bone)
  4. blood
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5
Q

connective tissue proper subclasses

A
  1. loose connective tissue
  2. dense connective tissue
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6
Q

cartilage subclasses

A
  1. hyaline cartilage
  2. fibrocartilage
  3. elastic cartilage
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7
Q

osseous subclasses

A
  1. compact bone
  2. spongy bone
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8
Q

connective tissue proper- structures

A

variety of cells, fibers, and ground substances
*types depend on use

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9
Q

cells found in connective tissue proper

A

-fibroblasts (most common)
-macrophages, lymphocytes (antibody producing cells)
-adipocytes
-mast cells (help signal)
-stem cells

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10
Q

fibers found in connective tissue proper

A

-collagen (strong, thick, abundant)
-elastic (branching, thin)
-reticular (form of collagen, but thinner)

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11
Q

ground substance in connective tissue proper

A

fill the extracellular space along with fibers
help determine function of tissue

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12
Q

classifications of loose connective tissue

A

loose connective tissue:
-areolar (most common)
-reticular
-adipose

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13
Q

classifications of dense connective tissue

A

dense connective tissue (lots of fibers, mostly collagen):
-regular
-irregular
-elastic

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14
Q

areolar connective tissue: description
*yarn!

A

gel like matrix with:
-all 3 fiber types (reticular, collagen, elastic) for support
-fibroblasts secrete glycoproteins in ground space
-cells: fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells (famm)
-highly vascular tissue (to keep epithelial alive)

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15
Q

areolar connective tissue: function

A

-wraps and cushions organs
-holds and conveys tissue fluid
-fight against infection *inflammation

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16
Q

areolar connective tissue: location

A

-under epithelia!
-packages organs
-surrounds capillaries

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17
Q

adipose tissue: description

A

-closely packed fat cells
-nucleus pushed to one side by fat droplet

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18
Q

adipose tissue: function

A

-stores energy
-insulation
-supports/protects organs

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19
Q

adipose tissue: location

A

-under skin
-around kidneys
-behind eyes, in abdomen and breasts

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20
Q

reticular connective tissue: description
*olive tree!

A

network of reticular fibers (thin collagen fibers) in loose ground substance

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21
Q

reticular connective tissue: functions

A

provides internal framework of organs

22
Q

reticular connective tissue: location

A

-red bone marrow
-spleen

23
Q

dense irregular connective tissue

A

mess that is pink and looks like ice cream

24
Q

dense irregular connective tissue: description

A

-primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers
-some elastic fibers and fibroblasts

25
Q

dense irregular connective tissue: function

A

-withstands tension in MULTIPLE DIRECTIONS
-provides structural strength

26
Q

dense irregular connective tissue: location

A

-dermis of skin
-fibrous capsules of joints and organs
*allows FLEXIBILITY!

27
Q

dense REGULAR connective tissue

A

wave check!
parallel collagen fibers

28
Q

dense regular connective tissue: description

A

-mostly parallel collagen fibers
-fibroblasts and some elastic fibers
-poorly vascularized
*body doesn’t fix tendons very well

29
Q

dense regular connective tissue: function

A

-attaches muscle to bond (TENDON)
-attaches bone to bone (LIGAMENT)
-withstands great stress in ONE directoin

30
Q

dense regular connective tissue: location

A

-tendons and ligaments
-fascia around muscles

31
Q

elastic connective tissue

A

*stretchy like balloon!
-elastin fibers are important in the recoil of organs like aorta, arteries, lungs

32
Q

cartilage: characteristics

A

*every bone junction has cartilage
-firm, flexible tissue
-no blood vessels or nerves
-matrix is mostly water (why not rigid)
-cell type: chondrocyte (cartilage cell)

33
Q

cartilage: types

A
  1. hyaline
  2. elastic
    -fibrocartilage
34
Q

chondrocyte

A

evil eye looking thing

35
Q

hyaline cartilage: desciption

A

-imperceptible collagen fibers
-chondroblasts produce matrix
-chondrocytes lie in lacunae

36
Q

hyaline cartilage: function

A

-supports and reinforces
-resilient cushion
-resists repetitive stress

37
Q

hyaline cartilage: location

A

-ends of long bones- in legs and arms
-cartilage in ribs
-nose, trachea, and larynx cartilage

38
Q

elastic cartilage: description

A

*more flexible
-similar to hyaline cartilage
-but more elastic fibers in matrix

39
Q

elastic cartilage: function

A

-maintains shape of structure
-allows flexibility

40
Q

elastic cartilage: location

A

-supports external ear
-epiglottis (flap that covers airway when swallowing)

41
Q

Fibrocartilage: description

A

-matrix similar but less firm that hyaline cartilage
-thick collagen fibers predominate
*parallel fibers like dense regular, but has lacuna

42
Q

fibrocartilage: function

A

-tensile strength and ability to absorb shock

43
Q

fibrocartilage: location

A

-intervertebral discs
-pubic symphysis
-discs of knee joint (meniscus)

44
Q

bone tissue: function
*rings on tree!

A

-supports and protects organs
-provides attachment site for muscles
-stores calcium
-stores fat (YELLOW marrow)
-RED marrow is site for blood cell formation (where reticular is found!)

45
Q

bone tissue: location

A

bones

46
Q

osteocyte

A

bone-cell
squashed spiders= lacuna

47
Q

blood tissue: description

A

red and white blood cells in fluid matrix (plasma)

48
Q

blood tissue: function

A

-transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, and wastes

49
Q

blood tissue: location

A

in blood vessels

50
Q

blood tissue: characteristics

A

-atypical connective tissue
-consists of cells surrounded by fluid matrix

Anatomy & Physiology (20 decks)

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