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Anatomy > connective tissue test > Flashcards

connective tissue test Flashcards

1
Q

how many characteristics of CT are there

A

7

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2
Q

Characteristics of CT

A
  1. most widely distributive tissue in the body
  2. CT is not very cellular and contains more extra cellular matrix then others
  3. CT consists of cells, fibers, and extracellular matrix
  4. supplied with nerves except cartilage
  5. they are found in underlying structures
  6. vascular except cartilage is avascular and tendons have low blood supply
  7. classified according to three things
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3
Q

How is CT classified

A
  1. cell type/ arrangement
  2. types of fibers
  3. type of extracellular matrix
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4
Q

Functions of CT

A

-binds together other tissues
-supports other tissues
-strengthens other tissues
-protects and insulates internal organs
-compartmentalized structures such as skeletal muscles
-major transport system
-the main site of immune responses
-major site of stored energy
-provides framework for movement of muscles

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5
Q

Characteristics of extracellular matrix

A

-nonliving mixture
-its material between its widely spaced cells
-consists of fluid gel or solid ground substance and protein fibers

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6
Q

what does solid ground substance look like

A

clear viscis fluid

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7
Q

functions of solid ground substance

A

-supports cells
-binds them together
-provides a medium through which substances are exchanged between blood and cells
-plays an active role in how tissues develop, migrate, proliferate, change shape, and carry out metabolic functions
-contains water and large assortment of organic molecule

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8
Q

what things make up ground substance

A

water, organic molecules like carbon, polysaccharides and proteins

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9
Q

Hylaronic acid functions

A

-bonds cells together
-lubricates joints
-maintains the shape of the eyeball
-helps phagocytes migrate through connective tissue during infection and wound repair

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10
Q

examples of polysaccharied

A

hylaronic acid and carbon hydrates

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11
Q

Type of cells in connective tissue

A

Fibroblasts
Leukocytes
adipocytes
melanocytes
plasma cells
mast cells

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12
Q

Fibroblasts

A

most numerous
-produce fibers found in the connective tissue by secreting ground substance and fibers

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13
Q

Leukocytes

A

engolf bacteria and cellular bedri

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14
Q

Adipocytes

A

store lipids

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15
Q

Melanocytes

A

synthesize and store brown pigment called melanin

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16
Q

plasma cells

A

produce anitbodies

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17
Q

mastcells

A

produce histamein

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18
Q

Antibodies

A

proteins that attack or neutralize foreign substances in the body

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19
Q

Histamein

A

chemical that dilates small blood vessels as a part as the inflammatory response

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20
Q

General Characteristics of Fibers

A

-are located in extracellular matrix that strengthen and support connective tissue

-the number and type of fiber present contribute to the true strength, elasticity, and structure of the extracellular matrix

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21
Q

How much collagen protein is found in the body

A

25%

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22
Q

what are the 3 fibers

A
  1. collagen fibers
  2. elastic fibers
  3. reticular fibers
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23
Q

what does a collagen fiber look like

A

long
straight
un-branched
occur in bundles

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24
Q

what is collagen fiber composed of

A

protein called collagen which is strong

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25
Q

where is collagen found

A

bone
cartilage
tendons
ligaments

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26
Q

tendons

A

connect muscle to bone

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27
Q

ligaments

A

connect bone to bone

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28
Q

sprain

A

ligaments are over stretched or torn

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29
Q

strain

A

refers to muscle or tendon that is over stretched or torn

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30
Q

what do elastic fibers look like

A

branched
wavy when not stretched
ability to stretch and then return to original length

31
Q

what is elastic fibers composed of

A

protein called elastin surrounded by glico protein named fibrillin which is essential for the stability of elastic fibers

32
Q

where is elastic fibers found

A

skin
blood vessels
sacs of lungs
fat cells

33
Q

what does reticular fibers look like

A

thinnest of all 3
consists of collagen codien of glycoprotein
thinner than collegan fiber
tend to form branched networks

34
Q

what Is reticular fiber function

A

provide a strong supporting net that helps to stabilize the organs blood vessels nerves and other structures

35
Q

where is reticular fiber found

A

around fat cells, nerve fibers, skeletal and smooth muscle cells

36
Q

2 types of connective tissue

A

loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue

37
Q

loose connective tissue

A

fibers in extracelluar matrix are loosely arranged

38
Q

characteristics of areolar CT

A

most abundant
most widely distributed CT
contains all 3 types of fibers & and types of cells
forms subcutaneous layer (attaches skin to tissues and organs)

39
Q

where is areolar found

A

around all most every body structure along with adapose tissue

40
Q

function of areolar

A

binds with underlying tissues and allows nutrients to diffuse to epithelial cells

41
Q

charcteristics of adipose CT

A
  1. serves as padding
  2. shock asorber
  3. insulator
  4. energy preserve
  5. does store lipids
42
Q

where is adipose CT found

A

subcutaneous layer, around organs and in yellow bone marrow

43
Q

example of adipose CT

A

when you increase adipose tissue with weight gain new blood vessels are formed and more blood vessels you have the harder your heart has to work

44
Q

reticular CT

A

made up primarily of reticular fibers and reticulocytes

45
Q

reticulocytes

A

fibroblasts but they synthesis reticular fibers then collagen fibers

46
Q

function of reticular CT

A

provides framework to support cells within
forms basement membrane
filters and removes worn out blood cells in the splean

47
Q

where is reticualr CT found

A

liver, lymph nodes, bone marrow, splean

48
Q

Dense connective tissue

A

extracellular matrix is packed with fibers and contains very little ground substance and fibroblasts

49
Q

Dense regular CT

A

composed of bundles of collagen which are arranged in orderly parallel rows

50
Q

what does dense regular CT contain

A

very few cells but fibroblasts are present in rows between the bundles

51
Q

function of dense regular CT

A

secures bone during movement

52
Q

where is dense regular CT found

A

ligaments and tendons

53
Q

Dense irregular CT

A

collagen fibers are not arranged in any particular pattern and contain few fibroblasts

54
Q

Function of dense irregular CT

A

adds strength where parts of the body are being pulled in different directions

55
Q

where is dense irregular CT found

A

dermis and joints

56
Q

Elastic CT

A

contains large amount of elastic fibers and fibroblastsf

57
Q

Function of elastic CT

A

allows it to stretch and return to normal size and shape

58
Q

where is elastic CT found

A

lungs
large artery’s
trachea
bronchial tubes

59
Q

3 characteristics of cartilage CT

A
  1. specialized form of connective tissue
  2. only cells are erythrocytes
  3. avascualr and contains no nerves
60
Q

Where does cartilage ct receive nutrients

A

adjacent vascular tissues

61
Q

Where are collagen and elastic fibers embedded in

A

chondrotin sulfate

62
Q

chondrotin sulfate

A

polysacahrite found in ground substance

63
Q

what are the 3 types of cartilage

A

hyaline
fibrocartilage
elastic cartilage

64
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

most abundant, weakest of the 3 types, contains chondrocytes, have fine collagen fibers in matrix but you cant see them because they resist staining

65
Q

function of hyaline cartilage

A

affords flexablity and support
absorbs shock
reduces friction between the joints
surrounded by perichardium

66
Q

perichardium

A

membrane of dense irregular CT that surrounds the cartilage

67
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

has fewer chondrocytes
bundles of collagen fibers
strongest of all 3
does lack perichondrium

68
Q

function of fibrocartliage

A

absorbs shock and prevents bone to bone contact

69
Q

where is fibrocartliage found

A

pubic bones, pubis symphysis, discs between the vertebrae, knees

70
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

chondrocytes are present in a thread like network of elastic fibers
has a perchondrium
great deal of flexablity

71
Q

Function elastic cartilage

A
  1. provides strength and elasticity
  2. maintaqins shape of the ear
72
Q

where is elastic cartilage found

A

epiglottis of the lyarnix , ear

73
Q

what other 2 tissues did we not study

A

blood tissue and bone connective

Anatomy (9 decks)

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