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Anatomy > appendicular skeleton > Flashcards

appendicular skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones are in the appendicular skeleton

A

126

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2
Q

what is the pectoral girdle called

A

shoulder girdle

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3
Q

how many pectoral girdles are there

A

4

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4
Q

pectoral girdle does not do what…

A

articulate with the vertebral column

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5
Q

fiction of pectoral girdle

A

supports upper limbs and where muscle attach that enable the upper limbs to move

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6
Q

what is your clavicle

A

collar bone

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7
Q

what does the clavicle join with

A

sternum in the front and scapula in the back

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8
Q

what bone is most frequently broken

A

clavicle

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9
Q

function of clavicle

A

transmits mechanical force from the upper limbs to the trunk

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10
Q

how many scapulas are there

A

2

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11
Q

spine

A

diagonal ridge on scapula

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12
Q

acromion process

A

spine and clavicle join

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13
Q

glenoid cavity (fossa)

A

socket in which the head of humorous fits; makes your shoulder joint

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14
Q

coracoid process

A

projection on the scapula where muscles attach from the upper limps and chest

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15
Q

how many bones on each side for upper limbs

A

30

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16
Q

how many humerouses are there

A

2

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17
Q

what is the largest and longest bone in the upper body

A

humorous

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18
Q

what does the humerous join with

A

the scapula and ulna and radius

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19
Q

Anatomical neck

A

groove that’s distal to the head that was the former site of the epiphyseal plate

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20
Q

deltoid tuberosity

A

rough v shaped area where the deltoid muscles attach

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21
Q

capitulum

A

distal end; rounded knob that joins with the head of the radius

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22
Q

radial fossa

A

depression that flexes the head of the radius when the fore arm is bent

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23
Q

trochlea

A

joins with the ulna on the medial side

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24
Q

coronid fossa

A

depression that flexes the ulna when arm is bent

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25
Q

olecranon fossa of humorous

A

depression in the back of the humorous that receives the olecranon process of the ulna when forearm is extended

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26
Q

how many ulnas are there

A

2

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27
Q

where is it in anatomical position

A

medial side

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28
Q

olecranon process of ulna

A

proximal part of ulna that form a prominence

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29
Q

coronoid process of ulna

A

curved lip like projection on the proximal end of the ulna

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30
Q

trochlear notch of ulna

A

deep curved area between the olecranon process and coronoid process; trochlea of the humorous fits into this

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31
Q

radial notch of ulna

A

depression for the head of the radius

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32
Q

styloid process of ulna

A

slender pointed projection on the distal end of the ulna

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33
Q

how many radius bones are there

A

2

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34
Q

where is it located

A

lateral side

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35
Q

radial tuberosity of radius

A

raised roughen area that provides point of attachment for the biceps brachi muscle

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36
Q

styloid process of radius

A

slender pointed projection on the distal end of radius

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37
Q

what does the distal end of radius join with

A

3 carpal bones of the wrist

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38
Q

what is carpals another name for

A

wrist

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39
Q

8 bones held together by what

A

ligaments

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40
Q

what is their position

A

top row (closest to radius and ulna) lateral to medial

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41
Q

top row

A
  1. scaphoid
  2. lunate
  3. triquetrum
  4. pisaform
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42
Q

Scaphoid

A

70% of carpal fractures only the scaphoid is broken because of the force transmitted through it to the radius

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43
Q

bottom row

A
  1. trapezium
  2. trapizoid
  3. capitate
  4. hamate
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44
Q

capitate

A

largest carpal bone and head of this bone joins with the lunate above it

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45
Q

metacarpals

A

1-5 and 1 is closest to the thumb

46
Q

what does each metacarpal have

A

a base, body, and head (base is closest to the wrists) (head forms your knuckles)

47
Q

Phalanges (fingers)

A

14 phalanges per hand

48
Q

how are the phalanges numbered

A

1-5

49
Q

what is a phalanx

A

single bone in your fingers or toes

50
Q

What does pelvic girdle imply

A

hip

51
Q

functions of pelvic girdle

A
  1. provides a strong, stable support for the vertebral column
  2. protects the pelvic visceral organs
  3. provides attachment of he lower limbs to the axial skeleton
52
Q

pubis symphysis

A

the joint in the front where the hip bones join

53
Q

where does the pelvic girdle join

A

with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint

54
Q

each hip bone consists of what

A

3 bones

55
Q

ilium

A

largest part

56
Q

iliac crest

A

top of each hip bone

57
Q

sciatic notch

A

back of each hip bone where the sciatic nerve passes through

58
Q

what nerve is the largest nerve in your body

A

sciatic nerve

59
Q

Ischium

A

lower posterior part of the hip bone

60
Q

pubis

A

anterior and inferior part of the hip bone

61
Q

antabulum

A

depression where the head of the femur fits in

62
Q

male bones are what…

A

larger and heavier

63
Q

the articular ends of bones are thicker in what…

A

relation to shaft

64
Q

males have more what

A

muscle mass

65
Q

points of muscle attachment tuberositys lines and ridges are….

A

larger

66
Q

obturator foreamen

A

largest foreman in the skeleton

67
Q

what surrounds the obturator foreman

A

ishism and pubis

68
Q

how many bones are on each side for lower limbs

A

30 on each side

69
Q

how many femurs are there

A

2

70
Q

what is the strongest and heaviest bone in the body

A

femur

71
Q

greater trochanter

A

projection on the proximal end

72
Q

head of femur q

A

joins with the atiabulum to form hip joint

73
Q

neck of femur

A

constricted area below the head that gets more fragile as you get older

74
Q

when you have a broken hip it is either…

A

head, neck, or astabulum or greater trochanter

75
Q

Medial lateral condyle

A

distal end joins with the tibia

76
Q

what is your patella

A

kneecap

77
Q

where is the patella located

A

the condyles on the anterior surface

78
Q

function of patella

A

maintains the position of the tendon when the knee is flexed, protects the knee joint, increases the leverage of the tendon

79
Q

what is your weight baring bone in your body

A

tibia (shin)

80
Q

the tibia is….to the fibula

A

medial

81
Q

the tibia joins with the…

A

femur proximal

82
Q

the tibia joins with the talus of the…

A

ankle at the distal end

83
Q

medial and lateral condyles

A

proximal end and joins with the medial and lateral condyle of the femur

84
Q

where is the tibia tuberosity

A

in the middle of the 2 condyles where the condyles attach

85
Q

medial malleolus of tibia

A

medial surface of the distal end and joins with the talus of the ankle to form the prominence felt of the medial surface

86
Q

the fibula is what to the tibia

A

parellel

87
Q

head of the fibula joins…

A

with the lateral condyle below the knee joint

88
Q

Lateral malleolus of fibula

A

distal end and joins with the talus of the angel to form the lateral prominence of the ankle

89
Q

the fibula joins with the tibia with what

A

fibular notch

90
Q

tarsals are another name for what

A

ankels

91
Q

7 angel bones are held together by what

A

ligaments

92
Q

Talus

A

joins in the middle with a medial malleus of the tibia and lateraly with the lateral malleous of the fibula

93
Q

during walking the talus initially bears what

A

the weight of the body and 1/2 is transmitted to the calcareous and the rest to the other tarsals

94
Q

how many talus bones are there

A

2

95
Q

calcaneous

A

largest and strongest tarsal bone

96
Q

how many calcareous are there

A

2

97
Q

cuboid

A

lateral side above the 4th and 5th metatarsal

98
Q

where is the navicular located

A

medial side

99
Q

how many navicular bones are there

A

1

100
Q

cuniform

A

3 bones; 1st one is on the big toe side

101
Q

how many metatarsals are there

A

5

102
Q

each metatarsal has what

A

proximal base, body and distal head

103
Q

metatarsal 1 is the thickest because

A

it is connected to the big toe and bares more weight

104
Q

how many phalanges are there

A

14

105
Q

what is the big toe called

A

hallux

106
Q

how many arches are in your foot

A

2

107
Q

longitudinal arch

A

extends front to back (medial and lateral)

108
Q

transverse arch

A

formed by the navicular, 3 cuneiform bones and bases of 5 metatarsals

109
Q

what are the functions of arches

A
  1. support weight of the body
  2. distributes weight of the body
  3. provides leverage when you walk
110
Q

what is flat foot

A

weakened ligaments and tendons

111
Q

what caused flat foot

A

abnormal posture
genetics
excessive weight

112
Q

with abnormal posture the height of the medial longitudinal arch may….

A

fall

Anatomy (9 decks)

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