appendicular skeleton Flashcards
1
Q
how many bones are in the appendicular skeleton
A
126
2
Q
what is the pectoral girdle called
A
shoulder girdle
3
Q
how many pectoral girdles are there
A
4
4
Q
pectoral girdle does not do what…
A
articulate with the vertebral column
5
Q
fiction of pectoral girdle
A
supports upper limbs and where muscle attach that enable the upper limbs to move
6
Q
what is your clavicle
A
collar bone
7
Q
what does the clavicle join with
A
sternum in the front and scapula in the back
8
Q
what bone is most frequently broken
A
clavicle
9
Q
function of clavicle
A
transmits mechanical force from the upper limbs to the trunk
10
Q
how many scapulas are there
A
2
11
Q
spine
A
diagonal ridge on scapula
12
Q
acromion process
A
spine and clavicle join
13
Q
glenoid cavity (fossa)
A
socket in which the head of humorous fits; makes your shoulder joint
14
Q
coracoid process
A
projection on the scapula where muscles attach from the upper limps and chest
15
Q
how many bones on each side for upper limbs
A
30
16
Q
how many humerouses are there
A
2
17
Q
what is the largest and longest bone in the upper body
A
humorous
18
Q
what does the humerous join with
A
the scapula and ulna and radius
19
Q
Anatomical neck
A
groove that’s distal to the head that was the former site of the epiphyseal plate
20
Q
deltoid tuberosity
A
rough v shaped area where the deltoid muscles attach
21
Q
capitulum
A
distal end; rounded knob that joins with the head of the radius
22
Q
radial fossa
A
depression that flexes the head of the radius when the fore arm is bent
23
Q
trochlea
A
joins with the ulna on the medial side
24
Q
coronid fossa
A
depression that flexes the ulna when arm is bent
25
olecranon fossa of humorous
depression in the back of the humorous that receives the olecranon process of the ulna when forearm is extended
26
how many ulnas are there
2
27
where is it in anatomical position
medial side
28
olecranon process of ulna
proximal part of ulna that form a prominence
29
coronoid process of ulna
curved lip like projection on the proximal end of the ulna
30
trochlear notch of ulna
deep curved area between the olecranon process and coronoid process; trochlea of the humorous fits into this
31
radial notch of ulna
depression for the head of the radius
32
styloid process of ulna
slender pointed projection on the distal end of the ulna
33
how many radius bones are there
2
34
where is it located
lateral side
35
radial tuberosity of radius
raised roughen area that provides point of attachment for the biceps brachi muscle
36
styloid process of radius
slender pointed projection on the distal end of radius
37
what does the distal end of radius join with
3 carpal bones of the wrist
38
what is carpals another name for
wrist
39
8 bones held together by what
ligaments
40
what is their position
top row (closest to radius and ulna) lateral to medial
41
top row
1. scaphoid
2. lunate
3. triquetrum
4. pisaform
42
Scaphoid
70% of carpal fractures only the scaphoid is broken because of the force transmitted through it to the radius
43
bottom row
1. trapezium
2. trapizoid
3. capitate
4. hamate
44
capitate
largest carpal bone and head of this bone joins with the lunate above it
45
metacarpals
1-5 and 1 is closest to the thumb
46
what does each metacarpal have
a base, body, and head (base is closest to the wrists) (head forms your knuckles)
47
Phalanges (fingers)
14 phalanges per hand
48
how are the phalanges numbered
1-5
49
what is a phalanx
single bone in your fingers or toes
50
What does pelvic girdle imply
hip
51
functions of pelvic girdle
1. provides a strong, stable support for the vertebral column
2. protects the pelvic visceral organs
3. provides attachment of he lower limbs to the axial skeleton
52
pubis symphysis
the joint in the front where the hip bones join
53
where does the pelvic girdle join
with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint
54
each hip bone consists of what
3 bones
55
ilium
largest part
56
iliac crest
top of each hip bone
57
sciatic notch
back of each hip bone where the sciatic nerve passes through
58
what nerve is the largest nerve in your body
sciatic nerve
59
Ischium
lower posterior part of the hip bone
60
pubis
anterior and inferior part of the hip bone
61
antabulum
depression where the head of the femur fits in
62
male bones are what...
larger and heavier
63
the articular ends of bones are thicker in what...
relation to shaft
64
males have more what
muscle mass
65
points of muscle attachment tuberositys lines and ridges are....
larger
66
obturator foreamen
largest foreman in the skeleton
67
what surrounds the obturator foreman
ishism and pubis
68
how many bones are on each side for lower limbs
30 on each side
69
how many femurs are there
2
70
what is the strongest and heaviest bone in the body
femur
71
greater trochanter
projection on the proximal end
72
head of femur q
joins with the atiabulum to form hip joint
73
neck of femur
constricted area below the head that gets more fragile as you get older
74
when you have a broken hip it is either...
head, neck, or astabulum or greater trochanter
75
Medial lateral condyle
distal end joins with the tibia
76
what is your patella
kneecap
77
where is the patella located
the condyles on the anterior surface
78
function of patella
maintains the position of the tendon when the knee is flexed, protects the knee joint, increases the leverage of the tendon
79
what is your weight baring bone in your body
tibia (shin)
80
the tibia is....to the fibula
medial
81
the tibia joins with the...
femur proximal
82
the tibia joins with the talus of the...
ankle at the distal end
83
medial and lateral condyles
proximal end and joins with the medial and lateral condyle of the femur
84
where is the tibia tuberosity
in the middle of the 2 condyles where the condyles attach
85
medial malleolus of tibia
medial surface of the distal end and joins with the talus of the ankle to form the prominence felt of the medial surface
86
the fibula is what to the tibia
parellel
87
head of the fibula joins...
with the lateral condyle below the knee joint
88
Lateral malleolus of fibula
distal end and joins with the talus of the angel to form the lateral prominence of the ankle
89
the fibula joins with the tibia with what
fibular notch
90
tarsals are another name for what
ankels
91
7 angel bones are held together by what
ligaments
92
Talus
joins in the middle with a medial malleus of the tibia and lateraly with the lateral malleous of the fibula
93
during walking the talus initially bears what
the weight of the body and 1/2 is transmitted to the calcareous and the rest to the other tarsals
94
how many talus bones are there
2
95
calcaneous
largest and strongest tarsal bone
96
how many calcareous are there
2
97
cuboid
lateral side above the 4th and 5th metatarsal
98
where is the navicular located
medial side
99
how many navicular bones are there
1
100
cuniform
3 bones; 1st one is on the big toe side
101
how many metatarsals are there
5
102
each metatarsal has what
proximal base, body and distal head
103
metatarsal 1 is the thickest because
it is connected to the big toe and bares more weight
104
how many phalanges are there
14
105
what is the big toe called
hallux
106
how many arches are in your foot
2
107
longitudinal arch
extends front to back (medial and lateral)
108
transverse arch
formed by the navicular, 3 cuneiform bones and bases of 5 metatarsals
109
what are the functions of arches
1. support weight of the body
2. distributes weight of the body
3. provides leverage when you walk
110
what is flat foot
weakened ligaments and tendons
111
what caused flat foot
abnormal posture
genetics
excessive weight
112
with abnormal posture the height of the medial longitudinal arch may....
fall
