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Histology > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Where are some places in the body that CT can be found?

A

Padding
Fascia
Underneath Epithelium

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2
Q

What are the main functions of CT

A

Structural
Support
Metabolic
Defense

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3
Q

What is the primitive form of CT found in the early embryo

A

Mesenchyme

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4
Q

What two types of cells combine to form the mesenchyme?

A

Mesodermal and Specific Neural Crest Cells

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5
Q

What are the components of CT?

A

Cells
ECM
Ground Substance
Fibers

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6
Q

What are the 3 components of the ground substance?

A

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
Proteoglycans
Proteoglycan aggregate

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7
Q

What is the name for the bottle brush molecules that combine all of the subunits of the Ground Substance?

A

Proteoglycan aggregate

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8
Q

What is the “backbone” of the proteoglycan aggregate

A

Hyaluronic acid

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9
Q

What are the branches of the Proteoglycan Aggregate?

A

Proteoglycans

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10
Q

What are the leaves/needles of the proteoglycan aggregate?

A

Glycosaminoglycans

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11
Q

What is the function of the glycosaminoglycans?

A

They are negatively charged and attract water to form a gel that is difficult to compress

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12
Q

What are the two adhesive glycoproteins that are involved in cell communication?

A

Fibronectin

Laminin

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13
Q

Where can Laminin be found in the epithelia?

A

It is part of the basal lamina

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14
Q

How can tissue fluid be described?

A

A blood filtrate that is similar to plasma

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15
Q

What type of cells secrete CT Fibers?

A

Fibroblasts

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16
Q

What protein makes up the fibers?

A

Collagen
Elastic Fibers
Reticular Fibers

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17
Q

How is collagen created?

A

Tropocollagen is secreted into a matrix where is spontaneously orients into fibrils

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18
Q

How many types of Collagen are there (for this course’s purposes)

A

4

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19
Q

Where is Collagen I found?

A 
Dermis
Bone
Tendon
DENTIN
Fascia
Fibrous cartilage
20
Q

Where is Collagen II found

A

Hyaline and Elastic Cartilage

21
Q

What is the main function of Collagen III

A

Component of Reticular fibers

22
Q

What is unique about Collagen IV

A

It doesn’t form fibrils.

Its found in the basal lamina under epithelial cells

23
Q

What is the composition of Elastic Fibers?

A

Amorphous core of elastin bound in a sheath of microfibrils

24
Q

What cells make Elastic fibers?

A

Fibroblasts

Smooth Muscle Cells

25
Q

Where can Elastic fibers be found?

A

In all loose connective tissue (along with collagen fibers)

26
Q

What is unique structurally about Reticular fibers?

A

Non-banded

27
Q

Where can you find reticular fibers?

A

Smooth muscle
Surrounding nerves
Provides framework for bone marrow and lymphoid organs

28
Q

What physiological functions are reticular fibers used in?

A

Embryogenesis
Inflammatory process
Wound healing

29
Q

What type of stain is needed for Reticular fibers?

A

Silver!

30
Q

In cross section which is larger? Collagen or Reticular fibers?

A

Collagen is much larger

31
Q

What are the 9 cell types found in Connective Tissues

A 
Fibroblasts
Monocytes
Macrophages
Lymphocytes
Plasma Cells
Mast Cells
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Adipocytes
32
Q

What is the principle cell of the CT?

A

Fibroblasts

33
Q

What are the two types of fibroblasts that can be found in the CT?

A

Active

Inactive

34
Q

Describe the nucleus of an active fibroblast

A

Oval or spindle shaped

Euchromatic

35
Q

Beyond the nucleus, what organelles are prominent under an EM?

A

RER

Golgi

36
Q

How can you tell if the fibroblast is inactive?

A

The nucleus is very spindle shaped

Very heterochromatic

37
Q

What is an inactive fibroblast called?

A

Fibrocyte

38
Q

What feature defines the monocyte?

A

Large Cell

Horseshoe Shaped Nucleus

39
Q

What does the Monocyte turn into?

A

Macrophage

40
Q

Where are monocytes found?

A

CT

Peripheral Blood

41
Q

What does the Macrophage nucleus look like?

A

Oval with distinctive Indentation

42
Q

What organelles are found in the cytoplasm of the macrophage?

A

Lysosomes

Phagosomes

43
Q

What type of Lymphocytes are in the CT?

A

T and B

44
Q

Where do Plasma Cells come from?

A

B Cells

45
Q

What type of nucleus is more common for Lymphocytes

A

Heterochromatic

Histology (11 decks)

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