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Kinesiology > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is an Aponeurosis?

A

A broad, flat tendon

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2
Q

What is an Interosseous Membrane?

A

Stabilizing fibrous sheet that bind together bones and serve as attachment sites for muscles

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3
Q

What is a Retinaculum?

A

A band of connective tissue that encircles joints to bind and stabilize the tendons that cross them

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4
Q

What does a Joint Capsule do?

A

Covers the joint with dense connective tissue to provide stability and containment

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5
Q

Define Septum

A

Facial sheets that separate various muscles of the extremities

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6
Q

What are the 5 types of bone?

A 
Long ( e.g femur, humerus)
Short ( e.g carpals)
Flat ( e.g sternum, ilium)
Sesamoid (embedded in a tendon, e.g. patella, hyoid)
Irregular (sphenoid, vertebrae)
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7
Q

What are the 5 structural types of connective tissue?

A

Liquid (90% water)
Loose (a few fibers in the ground substance)
Dense (a lot of fibers in a little ground substance)
Cartilaginous
Osseous (in bone with mineral salts for stiffness)

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8
Q

What is Wolff’s Law?

A

Bone tissue becomes stronger, due to the piezoelectric effect, under stress and weakens if not stressed.

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9
Q

Define Stretch

A

The ability to lengthen without being damaged or injured

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10
Q

Define Plasticity

A

The capacity to be altered and retain that new configuration

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11
Q

Define Elasticity

A

A muscle’s ability to return to its original shape and length after it is shortened or lengthened

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12
Q

Define Creep

A

A gradual change in shape that occurs when tissues are subjected to slow, continuous force from either compression, tension or twisting

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13
Q

Define Thixotropic

A

Responsive to changes in temperature (or other disturbances such as pressure) by transforming from a gel to a liquid and vice versa.

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14
Q

What is the piezoelectric effect?

A

The production of electricity or electrical polarity by applying a mechanical stress to crystals. In the body when stress is applied to tissue molecules shift, producing an electrical charge. These electrical signals stimulate nearby cells too produce fibers. This causes the intercellular matrix to reorganize along the lines of piezoelectric stress.

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15
Q

Define Tensile Strength

A

The ability to be pulled in two different directions without damage

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16
Q

What are the two basic types of functional connective tissue?

A

Compression (weight bearing) tissues - bones and cartilage

Tension (suspension) tissues - fascia, tendons, ligaments, etc.

17
Q

What connective tissue blends the properties of rubber and plastic?

A

Cartilage

18
Q

Define Cartilage

A

A sense web of collagen and elastin fibers embedded in a gelatinous ground substance

19
Q

What portion is the main ingredient of connective tissue in tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, intervertebral discs and more?

A

Collagen

20
Q

The more collagen in an area of the body, the more _______ it is but the less ______ it is

A

Stable, mobile

21
Q

When you stop moving a part of your body, it adapts by laying down _______ fibers to increase stability.

A

Collagen

22
Q

What are the 8 properties of connective tissue?

A 
Stretch
Elasticity
Plasticity
Creep
Thixotropy
Tensile Strength
Colloidal
Piezoelectric Effect
23
Q

What are the three basic types of Tension tissue?

A

Sheets (Deep fasciae, Aponeuroses, Retinacula,septa, muscle envelopes)

Cables (tendons and ligaments)

Sift (superficial fascia, periosteum)

24
Q

Where can you find fibrocartilage in the body?

A

Intervertebral disks, menisci of the knee, labra of the shoulders, acetabula of the hips

25
Q

Where is elastic cartilage in the body?

A

External ears, Eustachian tubes, epiglottis

26
Q

Where is Hyaline cartilage found?

A

On the articulating surfaces of bones.

27
Q

What is the most abundant form of cartilage in the body?

A

Hyaline, aka articular cartilage

28
Q

What form of cartilage has the most tensile strength?

A

Fibrocartilage

29
Q

Connective Tissue is composed of which two basic ingredients?

A

Cells and the extracellular matrix

30
Q

What protein fiber plays a critical role in connective tissue’s ability to provide functional and structural integrity?

A

Collagen

31
Q

What property of connective tissue has the capacity to altered and then retain that new configuration?

A

Plasticity

32
Q

Like plaster, thick mud or whipped cream, connective tissues are composed of solid particles (cells) suspended in fluid (extracellular matrix). The term for this type of configuration is _______.

A

Colloidal

33
Q

What are two properties of colloidal substances that affect bodywork?

A

Flexibility and virtual incompressibility

These properties combine to increase resistance the faster force is applied. Connective tissue will yield to slow, gentle massage due to its flexibility but will resist fast, high pressure work due to its incompressibility.

Kinesiology (7 decks)

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