Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology Exam 1 > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

the fluid component of blood

A

plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

a tissue, the major constituent of which is extracellular matrix

A

connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

osteoid matrix- over 90% collagen type 1 embedded in a ground substance of proteoglycans, condroitin, keratin, and hyaluronic acid. Mineralized with calcium phosphate as _______

A

hydroxyapatite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

extracellular material between cartilage cells

A

chondroid matrix

or ground substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

polysaccharides formed or repeating disaccharide sub-units composed of ironic acid and hexosamine

A

glycosaminoglycans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

a hexose with the primary hydroxyl group oxidized to form an acid

A

uronic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a hexose with an amino acid attached

A

hexosamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in glycosaminoglycans, ironic acid, and hexosamine, ______ is the predominant molecular component

A

carbohydrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

protein core with many glucosaminoglycans attached

A

proteoglycan molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

hyaluronic acid core with many proteoglycans attached

A

proteoglycan aggregates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

most abundant protein in the human body

A

collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

type of collagen that is most common, found in every connective tissue, forms tendons and ligaments

A

type I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

type of collagen that is found only in hyaline and elastic cartilage and in the vitreous body of eye

A

type II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

type of collagen that is found in reticular fibers, healing wounds, smooth muscle, fetal skin, support for cellular structure of some organs such as the liver and spleen.

A

Type III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

type of collagen that is found in the basal lamina of epithelia

A

type IV (4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

type of collagen that is found in placental basal laminae, tendon, and muscle sheaths

A

type V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

stained black by silver salts

A

agyrophillic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
  • forms a network of fibers
  • type III collagen
  • stained black by silver salts
  • important in anchoring small blood vessels to surrounding tissue
  • in smooth muscle
A

reticular fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
  • form broad, wavy diffuse stained bundles
  • bundles branch and fuse forming a network
  • yellow in living tissue
  • protein elastin makes it yellow and elastic
A

elastic fibers (thinner that collagen fibers in pics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
  • actively involved in secretion of extracellular matrix (ground substance) and in fiber formation, usually collagen
  • associated with most CT
  • involved in woud healing, if absent, wound will not heal
  • grow easily in tissue culture (too easily)
A

fibroblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

macrophages are derived from

A

monocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  • many are present in Loose CT
  • actively phagocytic
  • derived from monocytes
A

macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
  • form embryonic connective tissue cells
  • resemble fibroblasts, but smaller
  • along capillaries and called pericytes
A

mesenchymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q
  • form 3 dimensional networks of cells that are in contact via long processes
  • may be phagocytic
  • precursonrs for blood stem cells
  • function in immune response
A
  • reticular cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

wandering cells that contain basophilic granules composed of heparin (a sulfated glycosaminoglycan) as well as other pharmacological agents such as histamine. important in allergic reactions

A

mast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

antibody producing B lymphocytes

A

plasma cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

two types of adipose cells and functions

A

white fat: unilocular adipose- lipid storage

brown fat: multilocular storage- heat production

28
Q

white blood cells

A

leukocytes

29
Q

the dominant protein component of hyaline cartilage is

A

collagen type 2

30
Q

location of hyaline cartilage

A

trachea

31
Q

the main cell type of the perichondrium is

A

fibroblasts

32
Q

immature cartilage cells that are not yet stuck in the lacunae

A

chondroblasts

- secrete extracellular matrix

33
Q

mature cartilage cell

A

chondrocyte

34
Q

2 or 3 chondrocytes and lacunae together

A

isogenic group

35
Q

cartilage that is blueish white in color

A

hyaline cartilage

36
Q

cartilage that is yellow in color

A

elastic cartilage

37
Q

elastic cartilage has a high concentration of what fibers

A

elastic fibers

38
Q

does elastic cartilage calcify?

A

no

39
Q

location of elastic cartilage

A

ears

40
Q

does fibrocartilage have a perichondrium?

A

no

41
Q

what is the main fiber in fibrocartilage

A

collagen type 1

42
Q

location of fibrocartilage

A

intervertebral disk

43
Q

growth due to the secretion of matrix into the interstitial regions between cells or groups of cells

A

interstitial growth

44
Q

bone that originated from cartilage template

A

endochondral bone

45
Q

bone formed without a cartilage template

A

membranous bone

46
Q

shaft of a bone

A

diaphysis

47
Q

ends of a long bone

A

epiphysis

48
Q

area of growth on a long bone

A

metaphysis

49
Q

outer layer of connective tissue that covers the bone, contains fibroblasts and a high concentration of collagen fibers

A

periosteum

50
Q

collagen fibers originating in the periosteum, penetrate the calcified bone matrix and bond periosteum to bone

A

sharpey’s fibers

51
Q

lines the internal surface of bones, one cell thick, NOT 2 layers

A

endosteum

52
Q

mature bone cells that synthesize and secrete the osteiod matrix that will calcify as the bones extracellular matrix

A

osteoblasts

53
Q

mature bone cells, osteoblasts that have not become embedded in calcified bone matrix

A

osteocytes

54
Q

act to reabsorb bone, remodeled constantly

A

osteoclasts

55
Q

calcitonin does what in bone, where does it come from

A

inhibits action of osteoclasts

  • lowers Ca++ concentration in blood
  • thyroid
56
Q

what causes the Ca++ concentration to raise in blood, causes osteoclasts to be more active, and where does it come from

A
  • parathyroid hormone

- from parathyroid gland

57
Q

as a strand of matrix (in bone) is invested with inorganic salts, it is called a

A

spicule

58
Q

spicules fuse with one another and form

A

trabeculae

59
Q

the secretion by osteoblasts is cyclic and results in layers of bone material called

A

lamellae - lamellar bone

60
Q

most of the bones in the mammalian body are initially formed by

A

endochondral means

61
Q

two other words for spongy bone

A

cancellous or trabecular

62
Q

concentric sub laters surrounding longitudinal tunnels for blood vessels and nerves that are called the

A

haversian canals

63
Q

radical tunnels called _____ ______ that connect the haversian canals with one another and with the bone marrow and periosteum regions

A

Volkman’s canals

64
Q

the ____ and _____ are tubes though witch blood vessels and nerves can pass within the compact bone

A

volkmans and haversian

65
Q

when a layer of chondroblasts can lay down matrix at the outer edge of a mass of cartilage

A

appositional growth

66
Q

intramembranous formation occurs mainly in the

A

bones of the skull, flat

Histology Exam 1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions