connective tissue

Question 1

examples of connective tissue

Answer 1

bone, ligaments, fat and blood

Question 2

functions of connective tissue

Answer 2

Bind & support other tissues , e.g. ligament & bone.
– Protect & insulate organs, e.g. fat.
– Transport nutrients, e.g. blood.

Question 3

2 types of cells in connective tissue

Answer 3

Immature class of cell - BLAST

Immature class of cell - BLAST

Question 4

function and examples of BLAST

Answer 4

Bone – Osteoblast.
– Cartilage – Chondroblast.
 Secretes matrix.

Question 5

function and examples of CYTE

Answer 5

– Bone – Osteocyte
– Cartilage – Chondrocyte.
 Maintain matrix.

Question 6

what is the matrix

Answer 6

Make-up of the matrix gives each type of connective
tissue unique properties.
 Protein fibres embedded in ground substance.

Question 7

what is the ground substance

Answer 7

Can be fluid, gel or solid.
 Composed of proteoglycans:
– Core protein chain.
– Polysaccharide side-chains
(glycosaminoglycans)

Question 8

the purpose of the ground substance

Answer 8

Support cells.
– Bind cells together.
– Medium for substance exchange
between blood & cells.
Proteoglycan

Question 9

2 types of protein fibers

Answer 9

elastic fibers - flexibility

collagen fibers - strength

Question 10

what are collagen fibers

Answer 10

Consists of protein – collagen.
 Very tough & resistant to tension (pulling)
forces.
 Often arranged in bundles, giving great
strength.
 Still allow some flexibility because not taut.

Question 11

what are elastic fibers

Answer 11

Consists of protein – elastin.
 Can be stretched 150% of relaxed length without breaking.

Question 12

what types of tissue are classed as connective tissue proper

Answer 12

loose and dense connective tissue

Question 13

what tissues are classed as specialized connective tissue

Answer 13

cartilage, blood and bone

Question 14

3 types of cartilage

Answer 14

hyaline cartilage - found at the ends of bones
fibrocartilage - found in discs in spine
elastic cartilage - found in ears

Question 15

functions of hyaline cartilage

Answer 15

Covers articular surfaces at joints.
Reduces friction.
Absorbs shock.

Question 16

functions of fibrocartilage

Answer 16

Great strength, some
elasticity.
 Can resist
considerable pressure.

Question 17

3 types of dense connective tissue

Answer 17

dense regular CT
dense irregular
elastic CT

Question 18

what is dense regular CT

Answer 18

Provides strong
attachment between
structures.
Example:
– Ligaments
– Tendons.

Question 19

where is dense regular CT found

Answer 19

Matrix:
– Collagen fibres in parallel
bundles.
– A few elastin fibres.
– Great tensile strength (resists
pulling in one direction)

Question 20

functions of ligaments

Answer 20

Attach bone to bone.
 Stabilise joints.
 Restrict excessive motion.

Question 21

function of tendon

Answer 21

Attach muscle to bone.
 Transmit tensile loads.

Question 22

what is dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 22

Provides strength in multiple
directions.
 Examples
– Joint capsule
– Deep fascia.

Question 23

where is deep irregular connective tissue found

Answer 23

Matrix:
– Collagen fibres
randomly arranged.
– A few elastin fibres
– Strong in multiple
directions

Question 24

purpose of the deep fascia

Answer 24

Sheet of connective tissue surrounding and
protecting individual muscles.

Holds muscles
together &
separates them into
functional groups.