Connective tisssue Flashcards
What are the three components which make up connective tissue?
cells, extracellular fibres (elastic, reticular and collagen) and ground substance (Hyaluronate proteoglycan aggregates).
Give three functions of connective tissue and examples
Provide a medium for dffusion of nutrients and waste - BloodAttach muscle to bone and bone to bone - Tendons and LigamentsProvide substance - Alimentary Canal
Name two constituents of embryonic connective tissue
Mesenchyme (gives rise to myriad types connective tissue)Mucous connective tissue
Give example of where mucous connective tissue can be found
Whartons Jelly, in umbilical chord
Two types of normal connective tissue
• Loose connective tissue • Dense connective tissue (irregular or dense)
Name four types of specialised connective tissue
Adipose tissue, blood, cartilage, bone.
Name three common cells found in connective tissue
FibroblastsMesenchymal cellsMacrophages
Function of fibroblasts
Synthesise collagen, elastic and reticular fibres and ground substance
Function of Mesenchymal cells
Undifferntiated cells which differentaite into other cells and maintain exracellular material
Macrophages
Ingest foreign, dead or unneeded material.
What is a macrophage called in the liver?
Kupfer Cells
What is a macrophage called in Bone?
Osteoclast
What is a fibrocyte
Mature and less active Fibroblasts
What is a mast cell? (visitant)
Release pharmacologically active molecules in response to histamine and heparine.
What are fat cells? (visitant)
Store lipids and act as an insulate and shock absorber
What does the extracellular matrix determine in connective tissue?
Whether function of connective tissue mechanical or support (loose packing material)
Which type of collagen is most common, and how much of body protein is made up of it?
I, 25%
Where is type II collagen present?
Hyaline and elastic cartilage
Where does the synthesis of collagen take place?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
What is a collagen fibre made up of?
Collagen fibrils, in triple helix of alpha chains.
What amino acid is the most common in collagen fibrils and why?
Glycine appears every third amino acid and allows close association of collagen fibres