Connective Flashcards
(23 cards)
Main classes
1) Connective tissue proper (fat, fibrous tissue of ligaments)
cartilage
2) cartilage
3) bone
4) blood
Major functions
1) Binding & Supporting (bone & cartilage)
2) Protecting (bone & cartilage)
3) Storing reserve fuel
4) Transporting (blood)
-add. 5) Insulating (fat *insulates & *protects body organs & provides a *fuel reserve)
Common Characteristics
Common origin
- All connective tissue a arise from Mesenchyme* (embryonic tissue)
Degrees of vascularity
-Other types of connective tissue have rich supply of blood vessel
-Dense CT poorly vascularized
-Cartilage is avascular
Extracellular matrix
-It means largely non-living extra cellular matrix “womb”
-It can withstand great tension and endure abuses, such as physical trauma and abrasion but no other tissue can tolerate
3 main elements
Ground substances
Fibers
Cells
-Together *ground substances and *fibers make up the extracellular matrix
Is the unstructured material that fills the space between the cells and contains the fibers
**Consist of amorphous, transparent, colorless extracellular matrix and has a high water content.
*Glycosaminoglycans “GAG”
*Proteoglycans
*Glycoproteins
Ground Substance
Are constructed primarily of the fibrous protein collagen
- Dominant fiber types of in most connective tissue; primary function is to add STRENGTH
Collagen fibers
type I, II, III colagen
are long, thin fibers that fr branching networks in the extra cellular matrix. This fibers contain our rubber light, last name, it allows them to stretch and recoil like rubber bands.
*Have a structure similar to coiled metal bed springs. After being stretched it has the ability to reco to their original shape.
Found in lungs, bladder, blood vessels, skin.
Elastic Fibers
Gives support to individual cells (soft tissue of organs) and are short, fine, collagenous Fibers That branch the form a supporting network.
Reticular Fiber
Reticul = network
Classification of connective tissue
i. Loose Connective tissue
ii. Adipose tissue
iii. Dense Connective Tissue
iv. Cartilage
v. Bones
vi. Blood
-Rich in vessels and nerves and the most common cells found are the *fibroblasts which are responsible for the production of matrix
-Holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissue
*Areolar Connective Tissue (WBC & macrophages)
Loose connective tissue
Cells
melanocyte
lymphocyte
Fat cell
mast cell
capillary
macrophage
Types of White blood cells
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Immature cells are …
(not yet specialized)
Actively mitotic
-secreting ground substance and fiber
Types of immature (not specialized cells) “blast” not yet forming
Fibroblast comes from-> connective tissue proper
Chondroblast -> cartilage
Osteoblast -> bone
Hematopoietic stem cells -> blood cells
Mature cells
“cyte”
fibrocyte
chondrocyte
osteocyte
others…
Types of Connective tissue proper
loose & dense connective tissues
Loose Connective Tissue Proper types:
Areolar
Adipose
Reticular
many fibers that support and binding other tissues as well as empty space for storing tissue fluid
Areolar
Contains many fat cells which are able to store nutrients and also serve to insulate the body
Has an extra cellular mattress with collagen and elastic fibers but it is not a typical ct bc it has very little extra cellular matrix
Adipose Tissue
Contain large fat droplets, only a small amount of cytoplasm and flattened, non-centrally nuclei
Yellow Adipose tissue
Contain fat droplets of differing size, A large amount of cytoplasm, numerous mitochondria, and round centrally located nucleus
Brown Adipose Tissue
Similar to areolar tissue but contains only reticular fibers and supports certain structures
Reticular
Dense Connective tissue types
Regular
Irregular
Elastic
