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Exam 1 > Conjunctivitis > Flashcards

Conjunctivitis Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of discharge is characteristic of bacterial conjunctivitis?

A) Watery
B) Stringy mucoid
C) Purulent, thick
D) None

A

C) Purulent, thick

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2
Q

What is a common symptom of allergic conjunctivitis?

A) Severe pain
B) Photophobia
C) Itching and burning
D) Decreased visual acuity

A

C) Itching and burning.

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3
Q

Which of the following is a key characteristic of viral conjunctivitis discharge?

A) Purulent, thick
B) Stringy mucoid
C) Watery
D) Bloody

A

C) Watery

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4
Q

Which type of conjunctivitis is associated with upper respiratory infections?

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Iritis

A

C) Viral conjunctivitis

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5
Q

What is a distinguishing feature of iritis compared to conjunctivitis?

A) Bilateral involvement
B) Moderate pain around the cornea
C) Itching and burning
D) Stringy mucoid discharge

A

B) Moderate pain around the cornea

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6
Q

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with allergic conjunctivitis?

A) Rhinorrhea
B) Sneezing
C) Severe pain
D) Watery eyes

A

C) Severe pain

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7
Q

What time of year is bacterial conjunctivitis most common?

A) Spring
B) Summer
C) Fall and winter
D) Winter only

A

C) Fall and winter

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8
Q

Which type of conjunctivitis may present with palpable preauricular lymph nodes?

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Iritis

A

C) Viral conjunctivitis

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9
Q

Which of the following is a common cause of bacterial conjunctivitis?

A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
B) Dust and pollen
C) Herpes simplex virus
D) Seasonal allergies

A

A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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10
Q

Which type of conjunctivitis often affects both eyes simultaneously?

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Iritis

A

B) Allergic conjunctivitis

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11
Q

What is the typical visual acuity in patients with conjunctivitis?

A) Severely decreased
B) Moderately decreased
C) Normal
D) Fluctuating

A

C) Normal

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12
Q

Which symptom is common in both viral and allergic conjunctivitis?

A) Purulent discharge
B) Severe pain
C) Itching
D) Photophobia

A

C) Itching

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13
Q

What is a key distinguishing feature of bacterial conjunctivitis on physical examination?

A) Palpable preauricular lymph nodes
B) Purulent discharge and crusted lids in the morning
C) Stringy mucoid discharge
D) Severe pain

A

B) Purulent discharge and crusted lids in the morning

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14
Q

What is a typical finding in the conjunctiva of a patient with allergic conjunctivitis?

A) Purulent discharge
B) Severe redness around the cornea
C) Mild diffuse redness
D) Bloody discharge

A

C) Mild diffuse redness

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14
Q

Which type of conjunctivitis is highly contagious?

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Iritis

A

C) Viral conjunctivitis

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15
Q

Which condition can be associated with connective tissue disease?

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Iritis

A

D) Iritis

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16
Q

Which conjunctivitis symptom indicates the need for further evaluation for iritis?

A) Itching and watery eyes
B) Severe pain and poor light reflex
C) Stringy mucoid discharge
D) Bilateral involvement

A

B) Severe pain and poor light reflex

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17
Q

What is the typical photophobia status in patients with viral conjunctivitis?

A) Severe
B) Moderate
C) Mild
D) None

A

D) None

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18
Q

Which of the following types of conjunctivitis is most likely to cause moderate pain around the cornea?

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Iritis

A

D) Iritis

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19
Q

What is the common seasonal pattern for allergic conjunctivitis?

A) Summer only
B) Fall and spring
C) Winter only
D) Year-round

A

B) Fall and spring

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20
Q

Which type of conjunctivitis may present with a feeling of fullness or obstruction in the eye?

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Iritis

A

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis

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21
Q

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with viral conjunctivitis?

A) Watery discharge
B) Itching
C) Mild diffuse redness
D) Thick purulent discharge

A

D) Thick purulent discharge

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22
Q

What is a common treatment for allergic conjunctivitis?

A) Broad-spectrum antibiotics
B) Antivirals
C) Mast cell stabilizer topical
D) Oral steroids

A

C) Mast cell stabilizer topical

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23
Q

Which medication is used for mild to moderate bacterial conjunctivitis?

A) Acyclovir
B) Azithromycin (AzaSite)
C) Pyrimidine ophthalmic
D) Levocabastine

A

B) Azithromycin (AzaSite)

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24
Q

How is Azithromycin (AzaSite) administered for bacterial conjunctivitis?

A) One drop bid for two days, then daily for five days
B) One drop q.2.h. for two days, then q.4.h. while awake for five days
C) One drop daily for seven days
D) Two drops bid for seven days

A

A) One drop bid for two days, then daily for five days

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25
Q

What is the initial dosing regimen for Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) in bacterial conjunctivitis?

A) One drop q.2.h. for two days, then one drop q.4.h. while awake for five days
B) One drop bid for two days, then daily for five days
C) One drop daily for seven days
D) Two drops q.2.h. for three days

A

A) One drop q.2.h. for two days, then one drop q.4.h. while awake for five days

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26
Q

Which type of conjunctivitis is treated with lubrication for comfort?

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

A

C) Viral conjunctivitis

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27
Q

Which antiviral medication is used for viral conjunctivitis?

A) Azithromycin
B) Ciprofloxacin
C) Pyrimidine ophthalmic
D) Levofloxacin

A

C) Pyrimidine ophthalmic

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28
Q

What is a common treatment for viral conjunctivitis?

A) Broad-spectrum antibiotics
B) Antihistamines
C) NSAID topical
D) Lubrication for comfort/tears

A

D) Lubrication for comfort/tears

29
Q

What type of conjunctivitis may require referral if associated with HSV or HZO?

A) Bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Allergic conjunctivitis
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

A

C) Viral conjunctivitis

30
Q

What should be done if a patient has worsening vision with conjunctivitis?

A) Continue current treatment
B) Refer to a specialist
C) Increase dosage of current medication
D) Use oral steroid

A

B) Refer to a specialist

31
Q

Which of the following conditions warrants a referral in a conjunctivitis patient?

A) Mild bacterial conjunctivitis
B) Ulceration
C) Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis
D) Mild viral conjunctivitis

A

B) Ulceration

32
Q

What is the recommended management for conjunctivitis in contact lens wearers?

A) Azithromycin
B) Levofloxacin
C) Pyrimidine ophthalmic
D) NSAID topical

A

B) Levofloxacin

33
Q
A
34
Q
A
35
Q

What is a key part of patient education for conjunctivitis?

A) Avoid all physical activity
B) Eye drop instillation
C) Use contact lenses frequently
D) Stop medication if symptoms improve

A

B) Eye drop instillation

36
Q

What should patients using ointment for conjunctivitis be reminded of?

A) It may cause blurry vision temporarily
B) It can be used with contact lenses
C) It should be applied once daily
D) It is a permanent cure

A

A) It may cause blurry vision temporarily

37
Q

What is the initial dosing regimen for Levofloxacin in moderate to severe bacterial conjunctivitis?

A) 1–2 drops q.2.h. W/A, then 1–2 drops 4 times a day for 3–7 days
B) One drop bid for two days, then daily for five days
C) One drop q.4.h. for seven days
D) Two drops q.2.h. for three days

A

A) 1–2 drops q.2.h. W/A, then 1–2 drops 4 times a day for 3–7 days

38
Q

Which symptom does NOT indicate the need for referral in conjunctivitis?

A) Worsening vision
B) Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
C) Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis
D) Red eye that does not resolve with treatment

A

C) Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis

39
Q

What should be used to treat mild to moderate bacterial conjunctivitis?

A) Lubrication for comfort
B) NSAID topical
C) Antihistamines
D) Broad-spectrum antibiotics

A

D) Broad-spectrum antibiotics

40
Q

What is the typical duration for using Azithromycin drops in bacterial conjunctivitis?

A) Two days
B) Five days
C) Seven days
D) Ten days

A

B) Five days

41
Q

What is an important patient education point for those using topical NSAIDs for conjunctivitis?

A) They may cause permanent vision changes
B) They are used to treat bacterial infections
C) They can reduce inflammation and provide comfort
D) They should be used with contact lenses

A

C) They can reduce inflammation and provide comfort

42
Q

What is a common symptom of a hordeolum?

A) Painless hard mass
B) Localized tender inflammation/pain of the eyelid
C) Severe vision loss
D) Persistent itching without inflammation

A

B) Localized tender inflammation/pain of the eyelid

43
Q

Which symptom is NOT typical of a chalazion?

A) Slow-developing painless hard mass
B) Possible involvement of surrounding tissue
C) Erythema and localized tenderness
D) Pressing against the eye causing distortion

A

C) Erythema and localized tenderness

44
Q

What is the initial treatment for a hordeolum?

A) Cold compresses
B) Warm compresses
C) Steroid injections
D) Surgery

A

B) Warm compresses

45
Q

Which ointment can be used for hordeolum treatment?

A) Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment
B) Hydrocortisone cream
C) Antifungal cream
D) Acyclovir ointment

A

A) Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment

46
Q

What should patients avoid using until a hordeolum or chalazion is resolved?

A) Antibiotic eye drops
B) Warm compresses
C) Eye makeup
D) Baby shampoo

A

C) Eye makeup

47
Q

Which differential diagnosis should be considered for recurrent hordeolum or chalazion?

A) Glaucoma
B) Cataracts
C) Basal cell carcinoma
D) Diabetic retinopathy

A

C) Basal cell carcinoma

48
Q

What is a key part of patient education for preventing recurrence of hordeolum or chalazion?

A) Use of antifungal eye drops
B) Proper lid hygiene
C) Avoiding all physical activity
D) Frequent use of eye makeup

A

B) Proper lid hygiene

49
Q

When should a chalazion be referred to an ophthalmologist?

A) If it resolves within two weeks
B) If it persists for more than four weeks, eye pain, visual changes,
C) If it causes mild discomfort
D) If it appears without inflammation

A

B) If it persists for more than four weeks, eye pain, visual changes,

50
Q

Which symptom is typical of an internal hordeolum?

A) Painless mass
B) Redness at the margin of the eyelid with swelling
C) Severe vision loss
D) Itching without inflammation

A

B) Redness at the margin of the eyelid with swelling

51
Q

What is a common cause of hordeolum?

A) Viral infection
B) Bacterial infection, commonly Staphylococcus aureus
C) Fungal infection
D) Allergic reaction

A

B) Bacterial infection, commonly Staphylococcus aureus

52
Q

Which medication can be used to treat inflammation in hordeolum?

A) Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment
B) Antifungal cream
C) Antiviral drops
D) Oral steroids

A

A) Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment

52
Q

Which type of blepharitis is associated with pustules at the base of the hair follicles?

A) Non-ulcerative blepharitis
B) Ulcerative blepharitis
C) Allergic blepharitis
D) Seborrheic blepharitis

A

B) Ulcerative blepharitis

53
Q

What is a common risk factor for non-ulcerative blepharitis?

A) Bacterial infection
B) Trisomy 21, eczema, allergy, psoriasis
C) Glaucoma
D) Diabetes

A

B) Trisomy 21, eczema, allergy, psoriasis

54
Q

What is the primary treatment for non-ulcerative blepharitis?

A) Oral antibiotics
B) Steroid injections
C) Cleanse lids with diluted baby shampoo
D) Antiviral ointment

A

C) Cleanse lids with diluted baby shampoo

55
Q

Which of the following is a recommended treatment for ulcerative blepharitis?

A) Antifungal drops
B) Bacitracin or erythromycin ointment
C) Artificial tears
D) Warm compresses only

A

B) Bacitracin or erythromycin ointment

56
Q

What is a common symptom of blepharitis?

A) Severe vision loss
B) Itching and burning of the eyelids
C) Persistent headache
D) Nausea

A

B) Itching and burning of the eyelids

57
Q

What is a preventive measure for recurrent blepharitis?

A) Using contact lenses
B) Lifelong proper lid hygiene
C) Frequent use of steroids
D) Avoiding warm compresses

A

B) Lifelong proper lid hygiene

58
Q

What is a common cause of dry eyes due to decreased tear production?

A) Bacterial infection
B) Anticholinergic agents
C) Viral infection
D) Fungal infection

A

B) Anticholinergic agents

59
Q

What is included in Level 1 treatment for dry eyes?

A) Cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion
B) Ocular lubricants, non-preserved artificial tear substitutes, modify environment, diet
C) Autologous serum
D) Surgical interventions

A

B) Ocular lubricants, non-preserved artificial tear substitutes, modify environment, diet

60
Q

What is a key component of patient education for preventing dry eyes?

A) Frequent use of eye makeup
B) Avoid blowing hot air from hair dryers into the eyes
C) Rubbing eyes vigorously
D) Wearing contact lenses at all times

A

B) Avoid blowing hot air from hair dryers into the eyes

61
Q

What is a common cause of epiphora (excessive tearing)?

A) Dry eyes
B) Lacrimal drainage obstruction
C) Viral conjunctivitis
D) Contact lens misuse

A

B) Lacrimal drainage obstruction

62
Q

Which medication is NOT typically associated with causing dry eyes?

A) Anticholinergics
B) Beta-blockers
C) Antihistamines
D) Antibiotics

A

D) Antibiotics

63
Q

Epiphora (Excessive Tearing)
Causes:

A

Lacrimal drainage obstruction.
o Excessive tear production due to irritation or inflammation.
o Allergies, contact lenses, prolonged screen time, autoimmune diseases.

64
Q

Which treatment is used for excessive tearing due to lacrimal drainage obstruction?

A) Artificial tears
B) Eyelid massage
C) Surgical intervention
D) Warm compresses

A

C) Surgical intervention

65
Q

What should the home humidity level be maintained at for ocular self-care in dry eye patients?

A) 10% to 20%
B) 20% to 30%
C) 30% to 50%
D) 50% to 70%

A

C) 30% to 50%

66
Q

When should a patient with dry eyes be referred to a specialist?

A) Only after Level 3 treatment fails
B) At any level of management
C) Only if there is a lacrimal gland disorder
D) Only after two months of no improvement

A

B) At any level of management

67
Q

Which condition is a differential diagnosis for dry eyes?

A) Cataracts
B) Glaucoma
C) Conjunctivitis
D) Retinopathy

A

C) Conjunctivitis

68
Q

What should patients with excessive tearing due to allergies use for relief?

A) Warm compresses
B) Cold compresses
C) Antibiotic eye drops
D) Antifungal ointment

A

A) Warm compresses

Exam 1 (11 decks)

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