Asthma

Question 1

Which of the following symptoms is most commonly associated with asthma?

A) Persistent cough without wheezing
B) Chest tightness and dyspnea
C) Hemoptysis
D) Unexplained weight loss

Answer 1

Answer: B) Chest tightness and dyspnea

Question 2

Which diagnostic test is most commonly used to confirm asthma?

A) Chest X-ray
B) Spirometry
C) CT scan
D) Allergy skin testing

Answer 2

Answer: B) Spirometry

Question 3

Which of the following is a common controller medication for asthma?

A) Albuterol
B) Prednisone
C) Inhaled corticosteroids
D) Oral antibiotics

Answer 3

Answer: C) Inhaled corticosteroids

Question 4

What is the primary goal of asthma management?

A) To cure the disease
B) To improve symptoms and prevent recurrence
C) To reduce the need for medications
D) To minimize the need for follow-up

Answer 4

Answer: B) To improve symptoms and prevent recurrence

Question 5

Which of the following is a red flag that may indicate a severe asthma exacerbation?

A) Symptoms only at night
B) Mild wheezing without dyspnea
C) Use of accessory muscles for breathing
D) Intermittent cough

Answer 5

Answer: C) Use of accessory muscles for breathing

Question 6

When should a patient with asthma use their short-acting beta-agonist (SABA)?

A) Every morning and night
B) Only during an acute asthma attack
C) Before every meal
D) Once a week

Answer 6

Answer: B) Only during an acute asthma attack

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT recommended as part of asthma patient education?

A) Basic asthma facts
B) Use of inhalers and spacers
C) Avoidance of all physical activity
D) Smoking cessation

Answer 7

Answer: C) Avoidance of all physical activity

Question 8

How often should a patient with moderate persistent asthma experience symptoms?

A) Less than two days per week
B) More than two days per week but not daily
C) Daily but not continuous
D) Continuous daily symptoms

Answer 8

Answer: C) Daily but not continuous

Question 9

Which of the following medications is used as a reliever for asthma symptoms?

A) Inhaled corticosteroids
B) Long-acting beta-agonists
C) Short-acting beta-agonists
D) Leukotriene receptor antagonists

Answer 9

Answer: C) Short-acting beta-agonists

Question 10

Which of the following findings on spirometry would suggest asthma?

A) Normal forced vital capacity (FVC)
B) Decreased forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)
C) Increased peak expiratory flow (PEF)
D) Increased total lung capacity (TLC)

Answer 10

Answer: B) Decreased forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)

Question 11

What is a key feature in differentiating asthma from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

A) Presence of wheezing
B) Use of inhalers for management
C) Reversibility of airway obstruction
D) Presence of chronic cough

Answer 11

Answer: C) Reversibility of airway obstruction

Question 12

Which of the following should be included in an asthma action plan?

A) Instructions for increasing medication doses during an exacerbation
B) Schedule for routine exercise
C) List of non-prescription medications to use
D) Guidelines for discontinuing medication
Answer: A) Instructions for increasing medication doses during an exacerbation

Answer 12

Answer: A) Instructions for increasing medication doses during an exacerbation

Question 13

What is the recommended follow-up interval for a patient with well-controlled asthma?

A) Every month
B) Every 3-6 months
C) Once a year
D) Only when symptoms worsen

Answer 13

Answer: B) Every 3-6 months

Question 14

What is a potential complication of uncontrolled asthma?

A) Diabetes
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C) Heart disease
D) Frequent hospitalizations due to severe exacerbations

Answer 14

Answer: D) Frequent hospitalizations due to severe exacerbations

Question 15

Which of the following is a key component of patient education for managing asthma?

A) Avoiding all forms of exercise
B) Using antibiotics at the first sign of symptoms
C) Knowing how to use rescue inhalers correctly
D) Reducing fluid intake

Answer 15

Answer: C) Knowing how to use rescue inhalers correctly

Question 16

What is the purpose of using a peak flow meter in asthma management?

A) To measure blood oxygen levels
B) To monitor airway obstruction and assess asthma control
C) To determine the need for antibiotics
D) To evaluate heart function

Answer 16

Answer: B) To monitor airway obstruction and assess asthma control

Question 17

Which type of medication is typically used as a first-line controller therapy in asthma management?

A) Short-acting beta-agonists
B) Inhaled corticosteroids
C) Oral antibiotics
D) Antihistamines

Answer 17

B) Inhaled corticosteroids

Question 18

Which of the following is a common trigger for asthma exacerbations?

A) Cold weather
B) Physical activity
C) Dust mites
D) All of the above

Answer 18

Answer: D) All of the above

Question 19

What is a characteristic feature of asthma that differentiates it from other chronic lung diseases?

A) Irreversible airflow limitation
B) Reversible airflow limitation
C) Continuous airflow limitation
D) Progressive airflow limitation

Answer 19

Answer: B) Reversible airflow limitation

Question 20

What characterizes severe persistent asthma regarding the frequency of symptoms and physical activity?

A) Symptoms occurring less than 2 days per week, with normal physical activity
B) Daily symptoms with nighttime symptoms more than once weekly, and limited physical activities
C) Continuous daily symptoms, frequent nighttime symptoms, frequent exacerbations, and limited physical activities
D) Symptoms more than 2 days per week but not daily, with physical activities not limited

Answer 20

Answer: C) Continuous daily symptoms, frequent nighttime symptoms, frequent exacerbations, and limited physical activities

Question 21

For asthma classified as mild persistent, how often do symptoms typically occur?

A) Less than 2 days per week
B) More than 2 days per week but not daily
C) Daily but not continuous
D) Continuous daily symptoms

Answer 21

Answer: B) More than 2 days per week but not daily

Question 21

A patient with mild persistent asthma is expected to have which of the following characteristics?

A) FEV1 less than 60% predicted
B) Symptoms less than 2 days per week
C) Nighttime symptoms more than once weekly but not nightly
D) FEV1 greater than 80% predicted with PFT variability of 20-30%

Answer 21

Answer: D) FEV1 greater than 80% predicted with PFT variability of 20-30%

Question 22

Which of the following best describes moderate persistent asthma symptoms?

A) Symptoms less than 2 days per week and less than 2 nights per month
B) Symptoms more than 2 days per week but not daily, and several nights per month
C) Continuous daily symptoms with frequent nighttime symptoms and limited physical activities
D) Daily symptoms with nighttime symptoms more than once weekly but not nightly

Answer 22

Answer: D) Daily symptoms with nighttime symptoms more than once weekly but not nightly

Question 23

Which classification of asthma severity involves PFT variability greater than 30%?

A) Intermittent
B) Mild persistent
C) Moderate persistent
D) Severe persistent

Answer 23

Answer: C) Moderate persistent

Question 24

What is the frequency of nighttime symptoms in a patient with intermittent asthma?

A) Less than twice per month
B) More than twice per month
C) More than once per week
D) Nightly

Answer 24

Answer: A) Less than twice per month

Question 25

Which action should be taken if a patient has a poor response to initial asthma treatment?

A) Measure PEFR
B) Proceed to the emergency room
C) Prescribe SABA
D) Initiate low-dose ICS

Answer 25

Answer: B) Proceed to the emergency room

Question 26

Which treatment is appropriate for a mild exacerbation of asthma?

A) Add oral glucocorticoids
B) Continue b2 agonist
C) Call clinician at once
D) Add high-dose ICS

Answer 26

Answer: B) Continue b2 agonist

Question 27

Which of the following medications is a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) used in asthma management?

A) Theophylline
B) Montelukast
C) Salmeterol
D) Ipratropium

Answer 27

Answer: B) Montelukast

Question 28

Which medication used in asthma management is administered three times per week to prevent respiratory infections?

A) Montelukast
B) Azithromycin
C) Theophylline
D) Omalizumab

Answer 28

Azithromycin

Question 29

In the management of asthma, which class of medication is used as a long-term controller to maintain airway patency?

A) SABA
B) Oral/systemic corticosteroids
C) LABA
D) Antibiotics

Answer 29

Answer: C) LABA

Question 30

Which of the following is a controller medication used in asthma management?

A) SABA
B) ICS
C) Oral/systemic corticosteroids
D) Antibiotics

Answer 30

Answer: B) ICS