Conjugate Acids and Bases, Autoionization Flashcards
Two species related by the gain or loss of a proton are called what?
Conjugate acid-base pair
A conjugate base has how many H atoms compared to its acid?
1 less H
What is the charge on a conjugate base relative to its acid?
1 more negative
A conjugate acid has how many H atoms relative to its base?
1 more H
If an acid is strong, will its conjugate acid be strong or weak?
Weak
Does an acid-base reaction proceed more toward forming strong or weak acids and bases?
Toward weaker acids and bases
Why do reactions of strong acids have a high Ka?
The strong acid dissociates fully, thus products are favored, making Ka higher
What does amphiprotic mean?
Acts as an acid and a base
In NH3 + H2O ⇌ NH4^+ + OH^-, what happens to water’s proton?
Water donates it to NH3, forming NH4^+
In H2O + HCl –> Cl^- + H3O^+, where does hydronium’s proton come from?
Water accepts it from HCl, forming H3O^+
What is it called when water formes H3O^+ and OH^- from itself?
Autoionization
What is the ion-product constant for water (Kw)?
The equilibrium constant for the ionization of water
At equilibrium, how can Kw be defined with [H3O^+] and [OH-]?
Kw = [H3O^+][OH^-]
At equilibrium and 25 C, what is the value of Kw?
Kw = 1 x 10^-14
At equilibrium and 25 C, what is [H3O^+][OH-]?
[H3O^+][OH^-] = 1 x 10^-14
