Congenital Heart Disease in Adults Flashcards by Thomas Eraifej | Brainscape

Q

Common congenital defects in adults (in descending order of frequency)

A

Bicuspid aortic valve

ASD

VSD

Aortic coarctation

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Presentation of bicuspid arotic valve

A

Often undetected at birth

Intense exercise accelerate complications

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Complications of bicuspid aortic valve

A

Aortic stenosis

Aortic regurgitation

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Types of ASD

A

Ostium secundum

Ostium primum

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Osteum secundum definition

A

ASD high in atrial septum

Most common

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Ostium primum definition

A

ASD

Opposing the endocardial cushions

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Presentation of primum ASD

A

Presents early

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Presentation of secundum ASD

A

Often asymptomatic until adulthood

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Signs of ASD

A

AF

Raised JVP

Pulmonary HTN

Pulmonary / Tricuspid regurgitation

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Mx of ASD

A

Closure if:

Child
Symptomatic adult

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Causes of VSD

A

Congenital

Acquired (post MI)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Signs of VSD

A

Smaller hole = louder murmur

Harsh pansystolic murmur left sternal edge

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Complications of VSD

A

Aortic regurgitation

Infective endocarditis

Pulmonary hypertension

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Mx of VSD

A

Medical - many close spontaneously

Surgical

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Indications for surgical closure of VSD

A

Symptomatic

Failure of medical therapy

Infective endocarditis

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Aortic coarctation definition

A

Congenital narrowing of descending aorta

Usually distal to left subclavian artery origin

Q

Signs of aortic coarctation

A

Radiofemoral delay

Weak femoral pulse

HTN

Systolic murmur

Q

Associations of aortic coarctation

A

Bicuspid aortic valve

Turner’s syndrome

Q

Complications of aortic coarctation

A

Heart failure

Infective endocarditis

Q

Mx of aortic coarctation

A

Surgery

Balloon dilatation +/- stenting

Q

Cause of tetralogy of Fallot

A

Abnormal separation of truncus arteriosus

Forms aorta and pulmonary

Q

Features of tetralogy of Fallot

A

VSD

Over-riding aorta

RVH

Pulmonary stenosis

Q

Presentation of tetralogy of Fallot

A

Not at birth

Cyanosis

Toddlers may squat

Clubbing

Q

Why do toddlers squat with tetralogy of Fallot

A

Increases peripheral vascular resistance

Q

Ix for tetralogy of Fallot

A

CXR - boot shaped heart

Q

Mx of tetralogy of Fallot

A

Long term beta blockers

Surgery