Congenital development Flashcards
What does the left horn of the sinus venosus become?
Coronary sinus and oblique vein of left atrium
What does the right horn of the sinus venosus develop into?
Sinus venarum of right atrium and SVC/IVC
Where are the vitelline veins located?
From yolk sac to sinus venosus
What do the right and left umbilical veins develop I to?
Right: disappears
Left: routes through liver via ductus venosus
What provides the main venous drainage from the embryo?
Cardinal veins
What is the first system to develop in the embryo?
Cardiovascular
Four shunts of fetal circulation
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus
Placenta
Ductus venosus
Path of fetal blood starting at placenta
Placenta–>umbilical vein–>ductus venosus–>IVC–>foramen ovale–>LA–>LV–>aorta–>coronaries and head
Path of fetal blood flow starting at SVC
SVC–>TV–>RV–>PA–>lungs and descending aorta via ductus arteriosus
Relationship of systemic and pulmonary resistance in fetuses vs adults
Pulmonary resistance: high in fetuses
Systemic resistance: high in adults
Four vascular shunt sites of low resistance
Placenta
Ductus arteriosus
Ductus venosus
Foramen ovale
How soon after birth does the ductus arteriosus close?
Minutes to days
How soon after birth does the foramen ovale close?
Months to a year
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
Total drainage from pulmonary circuit enters right atrium
Requires right to left shunt
Three categories of TAPVR
Supercardiac: involves innominate vein
Cardiac
Infracardiac
Most common ASDs
Ostium secundum (75%) Ostium primum (15%)
