Boards 1: Anatomy Flashcards
Tube enclosing the pulmonary artery and aorta
Arterial mesocardium
Tube enclosing the SVC, IVC, and four pulmonary veins
Venous mesocardium
What are the three layers covering the heart
Pericardium: (outer fibrous, parietal serous, visceral serous (epicardium))
Myocardium
Endocardium
What part of the conduction system is contained in the moderator band?
Right bundle branch
The celiac artery divides into what three arteries?
Hepatic artery
Left gastric artery
Splenic artery
Order of arteries from shoulder to hand
Subclavian–>axial–>brachial–>radial and ulnar–>palmar–>digital
Order of arteries from groin to toes
Common iliac–>external iliac–>femoral–>popliteal–>tibial–>dorsal pedis
Nine arteries of the Circle of Willis
Anterior communicating Left anterior cerebral Right anterior cerebral Left middle cerebral Right middle cerebral Left posterior communicating Right posterior communicating Left posterior cerebral Right posterior cerebral
Flow of drainage through hepatic portal system
Gastric vein–>portal vein–>liver–>hepatic vein–>IVC
What does the azygos vein drain?
Right posterior intercostal, esophageal, mediastinal, and pericardial veins
What does the accessory azygos vein drain?
Upper left posterior intercostal veins
What does the hemiazygous vein drain?
Lower pert posterior intercostal and esophageal veins
Three leaflets of the tricuspid valve
Anterior
Posterior
Septal
Parent vessels for the circle of Willis
Vertebral artery and internal carotid
What does the left thoracic duct drain
Lymph from left thorax and everything below diaphragm
What does the right thoracic duct drain
Right thorax
Compare the distensibility of arteries and veins
Veins are 8 times more distensible than arteries
Compare the distensibility of pulmonary vs systemic arteries
Pulmonary arteries are 6times more distensible than systemic arteries
Compare the distensibility of pulmonary vs systemic veins
Approximately the same distensibility
Equations for compliance
Compliance=change in volume/change in pressure
Compliance= distensibility*initial volume
Arterial compliance
2mL/mmHg
Venous compliance
100mL/mmHg
Compare the two pulses created by the heart
The pressure pulse precedes the blood pulse
Actual movement of blood lags because inertia of blood in aorta must be overcome
In aorta, velocity of pressure wave 15x that of blood movement
Bronchial circulation flow and pressure
High pressure low flow
