Congenital Defects Flashcards

1
Q

Complete endocardial cushion defect

A

Ostium primum defect and VSD

May have attachment of AV valves to IVS

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2
Q

Correction of partial ECD

A

Pericardial patch

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3
Q

Correction of complete ECD

A

Dacron patch secured to VSD
Superior portion of patch is attached to common AV valve leaflets
Close ASD with pericardial patch

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4
Q

Four features of tetralogy of Fallot

A

RV outflow tract obstruction
VSD
Overriding aorta
RV hypertrophy

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5
Q

Fifth feature of pentalogy of Fallot

A

ASD

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6
Q

Partial endocardial cushion defect

A

Ostium primum defect

MV and TV annuli fuses, but no interventricular communication (VSD)

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7
Q

Previously known as endocardial cushion defects

A

Atrioventricular septal defects

Can be partial, intermediate, or complete

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8
Q

Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot

A

Blalock Taussig shunt (subclavian to PA)
Pulmonary trunk incision (PA valve commisurotmy)
RA incision (muscular outlet septum excised, VSD closed through TV)

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9
Q

Characteristics of tricuspid atresia

A

Tricuspid valve closed
Small or absent right ventricle (May have VSD)
ASD required for survival
May have PDA
Pulmonary blood flow established through PDA, VSD, or bronchial circulation
Hypoplastic PA
Large LA and LV

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10
Q

Correction of tricuspid atresia

A

Hemi Fontan and Bidirectional Glenn shunt

Fontan procedure:

  1. PA to SVC anastomosis
  2. PA to RA homograft
  3. ASD closed
  4. IVC homograft
  5. Main PA lighted
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11
Q

Most common severe defect

A

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

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12
Q

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

A

Requires PDA and ASD
Atretic aortic valve
Very small LV and MV
Survive on blood flow though PDA

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13
Q

Two parallel circuits of transposition of the great arteries

A

LV to PA to lungs to LA
RV to aorta to body to RA

Requires ASD and PDA

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14
Q

Two fixes for TGA

A

Atrial switch: mustard and senning

Arterial switch: jantene and lacompte

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