confrontation and cooperation Flashcards
when was the first taiwan strait crisis
1954
cause of 1st taiwan stait crisis
mao decides to bomb island quemay because he wants taiwan
when was the 2nd strait crisis
1958
cause of 2nd strait crisis
mao shells quemay again because he wants to test us resolve and unite people against common enemy
khrushchev opinion of 1st and 2nd strait crisis
- 1st backed mao publicly but was conscious that china could drag the soviets into global thinking
- 2nd publicly khrushchev backed but privately was furious - saw mao as dangerous
when was the great leap forward
1958
how did role of personalities cause sino soviet split
- khrushchev reconciled relationship with tito
- mao humiliated khrushchev on his first visit to china by swimming when khrushchev couldn’t
- mao didn’t like peaceful coexistence
- taiwan strait crisis
- mao thought he was at least equal to khrushchev
how did ideology cause sino soviet split
- great leap forward demonstrated a different economic path
- khrushchev too timid
what challenges did lbj face
- he was unelected
- instability of diem assassination
when was the gulf of tonkin incident
august 7 1964
when was gulf of tonkin resolution
august 7 1964
why was the gulf of tonkin attack significant
- attack on us naval vessel didn’t actually happen
- response of us forces was unfounded
what didn’t lbj want to war to become
americanised
evidence of lbj continuing jfks approach
increased advisors to 23000 and stuck to counterinsurgency
what was the gulf of tonkin resolution
gave lbj the ability to take whatever action he thought necessary in vietnam without consulting congress
evidence of escalation in the vietnam war under lbj
- china agreed to provide military supplies for nv
- the ussr established firm diplomatic links nlf
- arvn had low morale
when was operation rolling thunder
february 1965
what was in north vietnams 4 point proposal
- us troops withdraw from sv
- neither nv or sv may enter into many military alliance with a foreign power
- sv internal affairs settled by people of sv
- reunification settled by people of each zone
how many ground troops in vietnam by 1965
75000
what was la drang
- first major engagement between americans and vietcong
- us thought it was a war of attrition and could win it
- us killed large numbers, vc returned to the area following
when was la drang
november 1965
why was 1968 a turning point in the war
- weren’t defeating vc but weren’t being defeated either
- increasing domestic opposition (mlk & mcnamara)
- general westmoreland has assured the people of america that the war is being won
when was the tet offensive
jan - feb 1968
what was the tet offensive
a series of attacks against us targets in towns and cities in south vietnam, wanted to stimulate an uprising against thieu in the south
us successes in tet
- arvn forces fought well
- attack on presidential palace of general thieu was beaten off
- 60000 dead communists
communist tet successes
embarrassing and worrying for the americans that vc had even come close
us failures in viet war
- bombing - rolling thunder and naplam and agent orange
- search and destroy
- failure to win hearts and minds
- arvn weaknesses
- us personnel weaknesses
- negative influence of us on the country
strengths of north vietnamese
- attitude and number of fighters
- ho chi minh trail
- guerilla warfare
- soviet/chinese aid
when was the paris peace agreement
1973
what was stated in the paris peace agreement
a ceasefire would begin in january 1973, each sides forces would keep the area they controlled at the time of the ceasefire, within 60 days us withdraw forces and free elections to be held
when did sv surrender to nv
april 1975
impact of the vietnam war on vietnam
- birth defects
- could not export enough rice to feed themselves
- 2 million killed
- communist takeover of the south
- reeducation programs forced into hard labour
- boat people died on sea
nixon’s us policy in vietnam/cold war
peace with honour, realpolitik, triangular diplomacy
examples of domestic opposition to vietnam
- kent state shootings in 1970
- king and bobby kennedy assassinated in 1968
- my lai massacre becomes public knowledge in 1969
what was stated in the nixon doctrine
america is not going to put their army into wars anymore, the individual countries will assume the responsibility and manpower
what is vietnamisation
the withdrawal of us forces and their replacement by south vietnamese forces
figures of us troops between 69 and 72
69 - 543000
72 - 47000
