conflict in the middle east topic 3

Question 1

significance of oil crisis on diplomatic negotiations

Answer 1

Oil embargo in 1973. affected countries: canada, japan, netherlands and UK and US

85% of oil from middle east

Question 2

significance of shuttle diplomacy on diplomatic relations

Answer 2

Since Israel and egypt wouldn’t talk so Henry kissinger was the inbetween that flew back and forth.

January 1924 Egypt and Israel agreed to reopen suez crisis.

As well as agreeing to talk before fighting.

Golan hights made DMZ

Question 3

Name of person shuttle diplomacying

Answer 3

Henry kissinger

Question 4

Significance of Sadat visit to Israel 1977

Answer 4

First Arab leader to visit Israel. Show of trust and progression.

Question 5

Significance of President Carters influence

Answer 5

Gave 1 billion a year for 10 years and a 3bn loan to Israel. A bribe for peace showing superficial peace being bought.

Question 6

Significance of Camp David 1978

Answer 6

Created a framework for lasting peace with President Carter going from cabin to cabin to create a informal atmosphere

Question 7

Further evidence of genuine peace

Answer 7

Palestinians in west bank and gaza would have governers to elect themselves.

Israel allowed free passage along straights of tiran and suez canal

Question 8

Further evidence of superficial peace

Answer 8

most successes were ignoring needs of palestinains who didnt attend Camp david

Question 9

consequences of camp david

Answer 9

led to formal peace, relations were normalised

Arab states felt betrayed by egypt due to the ‘three nos’

Question 10

Consequence of arafat speech to UN

Answer 10

the recognistion of Palestitinains cause.
cements Arafat as a diplomatic leader

Question 11

positive impact of PLO on lebanon

Answer 11

Boost of confidence for Plaestinians already in lebanon. Built schools and health clinics and repaired words.

Question 12

negative impact of PLO on lebanon

Answer 12

seen as Bullies, set up military training.
Acted as though they owned south lebanon.
Undermined government.
Civil war fueled by PLO and syria.
Coastal road masacre- PLO hijacking led to 38 Israeli deaths.

Question 13

why did Israel invade lebanon

Answer 13

The continual attacks on northern Israel. Israel aimed to weaken the PLO. THe shooting of Shlomo Argov.

Question 14

impacts of the lebanon invasion.

Answer 14

Arafat and 11000 PLO fighters were evacuated to tunisia.

300,000 protested against the satra and shatila massacre 2000 PLO terrorists remained in refugee camps. Palestine then allowed christian phaloge forces. 3500 pallestinians died.

The bruttal manner of attack used by the Isralis such as WHITE PHOSPHORUS

Question 15

cause of intifada

Answer 15

Triggered by an ISraeli truck killing 4 palestiniains.