Conflict and tension in Asia-ending of conflict in vietnam Flashcards
When did talks in Paris start?
1968
When did USA start secret peace talks with the North?
September 1969
What were the five strategies the US used to get out of Vietnam?
.Peace negotiations .Vietnamisation 3.Invasion of Cambodia and Laos .Pressure on the USSR and China .Bombing of the North
Starting from early 1969 who did Henry Kissinger have regular meetings with?
Le Duc Tho
How many troops left vietnam between April 1969 and the end of 1971?
400,000
Which two nations had fallen out and tried to improve relations with USA?
USSR and China
When had president Johnson started peace talks?
March 1968
Nixon tried to agree a peace deal between which years?
1969-1973
When were the first US troops withdrawn?
June 1969
The North Vietnamese were backed by which two foreign countries?
China and USSR
When did USA invade Cambodia?
April 1970
What did the North Vietnam do in response to the invasion of Cambodia?
They boycotted all peace talks
The USA backed the South Vietnamese invasion of Laos in which year?
1971
What was détente?
The desire for constructive discussions to take over disagreements
How did US diplomats attempt to improve relations with communist China?
Nixon visited both China and USSR in 1972 as he knew that the North Vietnamese would be concerned at losing both Chinese and Russian support
When did the North Vietnamese invade the South after the US troops left
March 1972
How many soviet tanks led the invasion of South Vietnam?
100
When did Nixon order Operation Linebacker
April 1972
Which two places were US targets during operation Linebacker?
Hanoi and the port of Haiphong
What was launched on December 18 1972?
Operation Linebacker II
How long did US attack Hanoi and Haiphong for in Operation Linebacker II
12 days
How many bombs were dropped during Operation Linebacker II?
100,000
How much did the USA promise to South Vietnam for military equipment?
$1 billion
When did the tone of reporting in Vietnam begin to change?
Between 1967 and 1968
Between 1964 and 1968 how many journalists had their MACV removed?
3
Which CBS reporter declared the war as ‘unwinnable’ during the Tet Offensive?
Walter Cronkite
What did president Johnson remark when talking about losing the support of walter cronkite?
“If I have lost the support of Cronkite then I have lost the support of middle America”
Which two US admirals claimed that the media crippled the war effort?
Admiral Grant Shapps and General Westmoreland
What percentage of Tv reports showed dead and wounded?
Less than 25%
How many Tv reports between 1965 and 1970 showed heavy fighting?
76 out of 2,300
How much did the war cost per year?
$33 billion
Which famous boxer was prosecuted for refusing to serve in the army on religious grounds?
Mohammed Ali
Within weeks of the tet offensive US opinion polls showed what percentage of US people approved Johnsons handling of the war?
26% a fall of 14%
What percentages of casualties were African American?
22%
What percentage of the total US forces was African American?
11%
Between which years did the anti war protests reach their height?
Between 1968 and 1970
How many demonstrations were there in the first half of 1968? And how many students took part?
100 demonstrations and 40,000 students
What year was the kent state university protest?
1970
How many students were killed in the Kent State protests?
4 killed, 11 injured
The water gate scandal began in the morning on which day?
June 17 1972
When did Nixon resign?
August 1974
When was the ceasefire signed?
January 1973
Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho were awarded what?
Nobel peace prize-Tho rejected his
What was concluded in the final agreement?
.All POWs to be released in 60 days
.All US troops to be withdrawn in 60 days
.Free elections to be held in South Vietnam
When had all US forces leave Vietnam?
March 1973
What did Congress refuse Nixon and ford do?
Continue to provide financial aid and support
When did North Vietnamese forces launch a major military offensive against the South?
December 1974
When did Saigon fall?
30th April 1975
What was Saigon renamed as?
Ho Chi Minh city
After the fall of the south how many refugees left the country?
Over half a million
What nickname did refugees of the South receive?
‘boat people’
How did Chemical warfare impact Vietnam in the long run?
.Harmed the environment
.Cuased injuries and deaths for years to come
.Millions were displaced
.Unexploded bombs blew up killing citizens
Name two effects the war in Vietnam had on US troops
.Drug addiction .Confusion .Bitterness .stress .Cancer (from handling agent orange)
