Conditions Definitions Flashcards
A type of vision problem that makes it hard to see clearly. Happens when the shape of your eye keeps light from focusing correctly on your retina (a light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of your eye). The most common type of vision problem.
Refractive Error
Farsightedness caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, occurring typically in middle and old age.
Presbyopia
A cloudy area in the lens of your eye (the clear part of the eye that helps to focus light). Very common as you get older. In fact, more than half of all Americans age 80 or older either have this or have had surgery to get rid of this.
Cataracts
A type of red-green color deficiency:
Someone with this deficiency has difficulty perceiving green because the necessary sensory cells - the cones for the color green are defective
Deuteranomaly/Duteranopia
A type of red-green color deficiency: Someone with deficiency has red cones do not detect enough red and are too sensitive to greens, yellows, and oranges.
Protanomaly/Protanopia
There are two types of blue-yellow color blindness. This type makes it hard to tell the difference between blue and green, and between yellow and red.
Tritanomaly
There are 2 types of blue-yellow color blindness: This type makes you unable to tell the difference between blue and green, purple and red, and yellow and pink. It also makes color look less bright.
Tritanopia
Both the red and green cones do not function properly, while the blue cones work normally.
Blue cone monochromacy
Though very rare, there are those who inherit and insensitivity to all colors, they see colors in grayscale.
Achromatopsia
Eye condition that causes people to see floating dark spots
Diabetic Retinopathy
A group of rare eye diseases that affect the retina (the light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of the eye). This makes cells in the retina break down slowly over time, causing vision loss. Is a genetic disease that people are born with.
Retinitis Pigmentosa
For those who experience this condition, vision can be affected in multiple ways. Some may experience flashes of light in their vision field, while some see what is called “floaters” in their vision, which can appear as dark debris floating in front of them. Others see dark shadows which cover a significant portion of the field of vision.
Retinal Detachment
A motor speech disability that occurs when a person has difficulty using muscles for speech production to form sounds of words. It may take a person several attempts to say the correct word.
Apraxia
A motor speech disability that occurs due to brain damage. The muscles for speech production are impaired causing slurred speech, slow speech, mumbling oral voice that may sound hoarse or breathy.
Dysarthria
This condition is an impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of speech and the ability to read or write. It is always due to injury to the brain, most commonly from a stroke, particularly in older individuals. But brain injuries resulting in this condition may also arise from head trauma, from brain tumors of from infections.
Aphasia
Having no speech, or this condition, is an inability to speak and can be caused by damage to the brain and / or speech muscles, by emotional or psychological reasons, or by combination of causes.
Mutism
Occurs when someone - usually a child who is capable of speaking, stops speaking
Psychogenic Mutism
A type of psychogenic mutism where a person wants to speak but in certain circumstances finds that they can’t, chooses not to speak.
Selective Mutism
A type of psychogenic mutism where a person wants to speak but cannot in certain situations due to psychological issues, anxiety.
Elective Mutism
A person does not speak under any circumstances
Total Mutsim
A person is diagnosed with this condition when they have had two or more seizures. A seizure is a short change in normal brain activity. Seizures are the main sign of this condition
Epilepsy
Difficulty with processing sounds or speech. This is not the inability to hear. It’s the inability to interpret, organize, or analyze what’s heard. All the parts of the hearing pathways are working well. But parts of the brain are not.
Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD/APD)
A person with this condition has experiences involving hallucinations and delusions. They see things and hear voices.
Positive Schizophrenia
A person with this condition has experiences involving a lack of motivation, a dreary mood, and isolating oneself from society. Additionally, people with this condition experience difficulty expressing themselves, attention and memory deficits, and trouble controlling their movements.
Negative Schizophrenia
