conditions Flashcards
50yr old complains of 9 months history of stiffness of right shoulder. Shoulder was originally extremely painful but now only stiffness remains. OnE right shoulder is stiff at both active and passive moments
most likely cause
adhesive capsulitis - frozen shoulder
long history so won’t be a tear
and pain went away so not going to be a dislocation
adhesive capsulitis is characterised by reduced shoulder movements both actively and passively. With external rotation being more affected than both internal and abduction.
painful freezing phase, adhesive phase and then recovery phase
most common in females as well and is related to diabetes mellitus
how do you manage this
NSAIDs , physio, oral corticosteroids and intra-articular corticosteroids
klebsiella penumoniae affects what lobe of lungs
The correct answer is the middle third of the clavicle . The pathogen indicated by this patient’s red and jelly-like sputum and the culturing results is Klebsiella pneumoniae , which has a preponderance for causing localised infection of the upper lobes of the lung.
n order to auscultate the apices of the lungs, the middle third of the clavicle is a helpful landmark, because the apex of the pleural cavity lies behind this portion of the clavicle.
A 65-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with suspected community-acquired pneumonia. She has a productive cough that appears red and jelly-like. A sputum culture reveals gram-negative rods.
What anatomical landmark would help you to auscultate the suspected affected area of this patient’s lungs?
the middle third of clavicle
red and jelly like sputum what pathogen
kleibsiella pneumonia
A 22-year-old man develops an infection in the pulp of his little finger. What is the most proximal site to which this infection may migrate?
proximal to the flexor retinaculum
The 5th tendon sheath extends from the little finger to the proximal aspect of the carpal tunnel. This carries a significant risk of allowing infections to migrate proximally.
Monosodium urate deposition is the pathophysiology of
gout
caused by inadequate excretion of urea or by increased ingestion or foods containing purine such as seafood.
Calcium pyrophosphate deposits within the joints in
pseudogout lead to inflammation
treatment for pseudo gout
Treatment involves anti-inflammatories and eventual replacement of the joint if further damage occurs.
most common joints affected in pseudo gout
knee, wrist and shoulders most commonly affected
on joint aspiration you find - weakly-positively birefringent rhomboid-shaped crystals
pseudogout
on X-ray you see chondrocalcinosis
pseudogout
blue sclera
osteogenesis imperfecta
