Conditionals (All Categories) Flashcards
Present Open Number
A1
Past Open Number
A2
Future Open (Vivid) Number
A3
Future Open (Threat) Number
A4
Present Indefinite Number
A5
Past Indefinite Number
A6
Present Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Number
B1
Past Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Number
B2
Future Remote Number
B3
Present Potential Clause Number
C1
Imperfect Potential Clause Number
C2
Aorist Potential Clause Number
C3
Present Open Construction
[εἲ + Pres. Indic.] + Pres. Indic.
Past Open Construction
[εἲ + Impf. Indic.] + Impf. Indic.
Future Open (Vivid) Construction
[ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. Subj.] + fut. Indic.
Future Open (threat) Construction
[ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. ind.] + fut. Indic.
Present Indefinite Construction
[ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. Subj.] + Pres. Indic.
Past Indefinite Construction
[εἲ + Pres. Opt.] + Imp. Indic.
Present Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Construction
[εἲ + Impf.] + [ἂν + Impf.]
Past Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Construction
[εἲ + Aor. Ind.] + [ἂν + Impf.]
Future Remote Construction
[εἲ + Pres. Opt.] + [ἂν + Pres./Aor. Opt.]
Present Potential Clause Construction
Present Optative + ἂν
Imperfect Potential Clause Construction
Imperfect + ἂν
Aorist Potential Clause Construction
Aorist + ἂν
[εἲ + Pres. Indic.] + Pres. Indic.
Present Open Construction
[εἲ + Impf. Indic.] + Impf. Indic.
Past Open Construction
[ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. Subj.] + fut. Indic.
Future Open (Vivid) Construction
[ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. ind.] + fut. Indic.
Future Open (threat) Construction
[ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. Subj.] + Pres. Indic.
Present Indefinite Construction
[εἲ + Pres. Opt.] + Imp. Indic.
Past Indefinite Construction
[εἲ + Impf.] + [ἂν + Impf.]
Present Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Construction
[εἲ + Aor. Ind.] + [ἂν + Impf.]
Past Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Construction
[εἲ + Pres. Opt.] + [ἂν + Pres./Aor. Opt.]
Future Remote Construction
Present Optative + ἂν
Present Potential Clause Construction
Imperfect + ἂν
Imperfect Potential Clause Construction
Aorist + ἂν
Aorist Potential Clause Construction
Present Open Protasis
εἲ + Pres. Indic.
Past Open Protasis
εἲ + Impf. Indic.
Future Open (Vivid) Protasis
ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. Subj.
Future Open (Threat) Protasis
ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. ind.
Present Indefinite Protasis
ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. Subj.
Past Indefinite Protasis
εἲ + Pres. Opt.
Present Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Protasis
εἲ + Impf.
Past Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Protasis
εἲ + Aor. Ind.
Future Remote Protasis
εἲ + Pres. Opt.
εἲ + Pres. Indic.
Present Open Protasis
εἲ + Impf. Indic.
Past Open Protasis
ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. Subj.
Future Open (Vivid) Protasis
ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. ind.
Future Open (Threat) Protasis
ἐὰν + Pres/Aor. Subj.
Present Indefinite Protasis
εἲ + Pres. Opt.
Past Indefinite Protasis
εἲ + Impf.
Present Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Protasis
εἲ + Aor. Ind.
Past Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Protasis
εἲ + Pres. Opt.
Future Remote Protasis
Present Open Apodosis
Pres. Indic.
Past Open Apodosis
Impf. Indic.
Future Open (Vivid) Apodosis
fut. Indic.
Future Open (Threat) Apodosis
fut. Indic.
Present Indefinite Apodosis
Pres. Indic.
Past Indefinite Apodosis
Imp. Indic.
Present Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Apodosis
ἂν + Impf.
Past Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Apodosis
ἂν + Impf.
Future Remote Apodosis
ἂν + Pres./Aor. Opt.
Pres. Indic.
Present Open/Indefinite Apodosis
Impf. Indic.
Past Open/Indefinite Apodosis
ἂν + Impf.
Present Unfulfilled / Hypothetical Apodosis
ἂν + Pres./Aor. Opt.
Future Remote Apodosis
Present Open Translation
“if X verbs Y, then X verbs Z”
“If he does this, he is smart”
Past Open Translation
“if X was verbing/verbed Y, then X was verbing Z”
“If he did this, he was smart”
Future Open (Vivid) Translation
“if X verbs Y, then X will verb Z”
“if you exercise every day, you will be healthy”
Future Open (Threat) Translation
“if X verbs Y, then Z will verb X”
As in Future vivid, except with a sense of threat in the apodosis- “if you do not comply, you will be castrated”
Present Indefinite Translation
“if ever X verbs Y, then X verbs Z”
“If it is raining, it is because he is thinking about something Sad”
Past Indefinite Translation
“if ever X was verbing Y, then X was verbing/used to verb Z”
“If it was sunny, we used to go for a walk”
Present Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Translation
“if X were verbing Y, then X would be verbing Z”
“If were you, I would be careful”
Past Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Translation
“if X had verbed Y, then X would have verbed Z”
“If had been there, I would have intervened’
Future Remote Translation
“if X were to verb/hypothetically verbs Y, then X would verb Z”
(“If, hypothetically, the Sun exploded tomorrow, the earth would be destroyed”)
Present Potential Clause Translation
X Would verb
I would go
Imperfect Potential Clause Translation
X Would be verbing / Would have been verbing
I would be going / would have been going
Aorist Imperfect Clause Translation
X Would have verbed
I would have gone
“if X verbs Y, then X verbs Z”
“If he does this, he is smart”
Present Open Translation
“if X was verbing/verbed Y, then X was verbing Z”
“If he did this, he was smart”
Past Open Translation
“if X verbs Y, then X will verb Z”
“if you exercise every day, you will get fit”
Future Open (Vivid) Translation
“if X verbs Y, then Z will verb X”
As in Future vivid, except with a sense of threat in the apodosis- “if you do not comply, you will be castrated”
Future Open (Threat) Translation
“if ever X verbs Y, then X verbs Z”
“If it is raining, it is because he is thinking about something Sad”
Present Indefinite Translation
“if ever X was verbing Y, then X was verbing Z”
““If it was sunny, we used to go for a walk”
Past Indefinite Translation
“if X were verbing Y, then X would be verbing Z”
“If were you, I would be careful”
Present Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Translation
“if X had verbed Y, then X would have verbed Z”
“If had been there, I would have intervened”
Past Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Translation
“if X were to verb/hypothetically verbed Y, then X would verb Z”
(“If, hypothetically, the Sun exploded tomorrow, the earth would be destroyed”)
Future Remote Translation
X Would verb
I would go
Present Potential Clause Translation
X Would be verbing / have been verbing
I would be going / have been going
Imperfect Potential Clause Translation
X Would have verbed
I would have gone
Aorist Imperfect Clause Translation
Present Open Meaning
Posits a real possibility on a specific occasion which may in fact be occurring presently; Clause contains no indication as to whether or not the condition is being fulfilled.
(“If he does this, he is smart”)
Past Open Meaning
Posits a real possibility on a specific occasion which may in fact have occurred or been occurring; Clause contains no indication as to whether or not the condition was fulfilled.
(“If he did this, he was smart”)
Future Open (Vivid) Meaning
Posits a real possibility on a specific occasion which may in fact yet occur; Clause contains no indication as to whether or not the condition will be fulfilled.
(“if you exercise every day, you will get fit”)
Future Open (Threat) Meaning
As with a future open, but the Apodosis carries a sense of threat or warning
(“if you do not comply, you will be castrated”)
Present Indefinite Meaning
Posits a real possibility on no specific occasion which may occur at the present time; Clause contains no indication as to whether or not the condition is being fulfilled.
(“If it is raining, it is because he is thinking about something Sad”)
Past Indefinite Meaning
Posits a real possibility on no specific occasion which may have occurred or been occurring; Clause contains no indication as to whether or not the condition was fulfilled.
(“If it was sunny, we used to go for a walk”)
Present Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Meaning
Posits a Hypothetical present scenario which is not occurring and/or cannot occur; Clause indicates that the Condition cannot be fulfilled
(“If were you, I would be careful”)
Past Unfulfilled/Hypothetical Meaning
Posits a Hypothetical past scenario which did not and/or could not have occurred; Clause indicates that the Condition has not been fulfilled
(“If had been there, I would have intervened”)
Future Remote Meaning
Posits a hypothetical future scenario that is unlikely/not expected/not guaranteed to be fulfilled, but which nevertheless is still within the realm of possibility since it’s in the future and is therefore an essentially unknown quantity
(“If, hypothetically, the Sun exploded tomorrow, the earth would be destroyed”)
Present Potential Clause Meaning
Directly equivalent to a present “Would” clause (“the conditional mood”) in English/Modern European languages.
(I would go)
Imperfect Potential Clause Meaning
Directly equivalent to a present Continuous “Would be doing” clause (“the conditional mood”) in English/Modern European languages
(I would be going / would have been going)
Aorist Potential Clause Meaning
Directly equivalent to a past “Would have” clause (“the conditional mood”) in English/Modern European languages
(I would have gone)