Conditional sentences

Question 1

Future open

Answer 1

If X happens, Y will happen.
ἐάν + future subjunctive, future indicative.

Question 2

Past closed

Answer 2

if X had happened, Y would have happened.
εἰ + aorist indicative, aorist indicative + ἀν.

Question 3

Open condition

Answer 3

If you say this, you speak wisely.
Any tense, usually indicative.

With a hidden future (If you say this (ie in the future), you will speak wisely). Instead of using of the future indicative, the subjunctive is used (by aspect) + ἐάν.

Question 4

protasis

Answer 4

The ‘if’ clause.

Literally means ‘put forward’ (as a premise)

To be negative, μη is used.

Question 5

apodosis

Answer 5

The main/’then’ clause.

Literally means ‘giving back’ (ie providing an answer)

To be negative, ου is used.

Can be replaced altogether with an imperative.

Question 6

‘Although’ it is difficult, I like cooking.

Answer 6

‘Although’ can be expressed by

καιπερ + participle.

and by

και εἰ or και ἐάν.
(this formation can express a slight doubt to it)