Condensation polymers

Question 1

What are condensation reactions?

Answer 1

Two molecules react together to form one larger molecule and one smaller molecule - often water

Question 2

How are esters formed?

Answer 2

Carboxylic acids -COOH react with alcohols -OH to form organic compounds called esters and water ; the remaining parts of the Carboxylic acid and alcohol are joined by an -COO- ester group

Question 3

Difference in monomers between addition polymerisation and condensation polymerisation

Answer 3

Addition - monomer molecules has one functional group C=C

Condensation - needs two different functional groups (one at each end of monomer)

Question 4

Functional groups in amino acids

Answer 4

Amino group -NH2
Carboxylic group -COOH
Amino reacts with Carboxylic and the organic product formed still had an amino group and a Carboxylic group - so it can join more amino acids and this forms a long polymer molecule
REMAINING PARTS OF MONOMER JOINED BY AMIDE -CONH- GROUP

Question 5

Polyesters

Answer 5

Made from a Carboxylic acid (2 -COOH groups) and an alcohol (2 -OH groups) ; contain many ester -COO- groups and PET is a polyester used to make clothing and fizzy drink bottles

Question 6

Polyamide

Answer 6

Made from a Carboxylic acid (2 -COOH groups) and an amine (2 -NH2 amino groups) ; called polyamide because they contain many amide groups -CONH and nylon is a polyamide used to make clothing and carpets

Question 7

Differences in process between addition and condensation polymerisation

Answer 7

Addition - catalyst and at high temperatures and pressures

Condensation - happens without a catalyst at room temperature and pressure (able to make nylon in school laboratory)