Biological Polymers

Question 1

DNA composition

Answer 1

DNA molecules are polymers mad from monomers called nucleotides - a phosphate group (circle), deoxyribose sugar (pentagon) and an organic base (rectangle)

Question 2

Different bases

Answer 2

Adenine - Thymine, Cytosine - Guanine ; deoxyribose of one nucleotide bonds to the phosphate of the next nucleotide (DNA strands double helix) and intermolecular forces called hydrogen bonds form between bases on opposite strands (hold the strands together)

Question 3

Protein molecules composition

Answer 3

Polymers made from monomers called amino acids - 20 naturally occurring amino acids and each amino acids has a reactive functional group at each end so they can join end to end to make very long protein molecules and different protein molecules contain different number of amino acids joined together in different combinations

Question 4

Composition of carbohydrates

Answer 4

Compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen - they include simple sugars such as deoxyribose and sucrose and complex carbohydrates such as starch
Sucrose = glucose and fructose simple sugars together and starch consist of many simple sugar molecules joined together