Concepts of East and West Main ideas Flashcards
Who has this idea?: Man is a Political Animal?
Aristotle
What is the concept of Eudaimonia
Sparked by Aristotle, it is the activity to live a flourishing life
Who is credited with “Rationality as the ideal form of life?
Aristotle
What does Rationality as the ideal form of life mean?
Proper debate, seeing through conflicting ideas to reach the truth
How do we reach happiness according to Aristotle?
By each having an idea of virtue and striving for what is fine and good
According to Aristotle what was the number 1 virtue of character a person should have
Bravery in the face of certain defeat
What does Prohairesis mean?
Choice and/or decision
According to Aristotle what are the two main forms of choice that makes up humanities will?
Long term deliberations and quick snap decisions
What makes a good Self-Lover?
One who pursues the fine above all else, prefers to give rather than receive
What are the three kinds of friendship?
Complete Friendship, Friendships of Utility, Friendships of pleasure
Define Complete Friendship
Two whole complete people who are both striving for what is fine and virtuous
Define Friendship of Utility
Companionship with regards to social interactions where you can get something out of it. Friends with a farmer so you can get wheat, or friendship with a blacksmith to get a sword
Define Friendships of Pleasure
People you just like to hangout with cuz they’re cool and ya like ‘em
What was Augustine’s original religion
Paganistic
What did Augustine switch religions to
Catholic
What was the true reason why Augustine wrote the confessions
It was almost like an autobiography for his life and choices
Why did Augustine hate Aristotle’s take on power
He hated the idea that only the wisest should be in power, he hates that those who practice self-mastery is an affront to god
What does Augustine think the link between ruling power and sin is
Any who become into positions of power becomes tyrannical whether they want to or not
What is Augustine’s driving question throughout most of Confessions?
Why would god create sin?
What does Augustine make of human nature?
Human nature relates to the whole of the cosmos, everything has a purpose and a place in the world
What is consciousness split up into three parts according to Augustine
Memory, Understanding and Will
What three parts of the human soul make up a person according to Augustine
Body, Irrational Soul, Rational Soul
What group does Augustine hate because they technically worship two god
The Manicheans
What are the two kinds of love according to Augustine?
Love of Self vs Love of God, and Covetousness
What does Covetousness mean?
Fleeting but simply delightful love, a passing fancy or brief mood of joy
What is Love of Self and Love of God mean?
When humans tend to deify our loved ones in a comparison to god
Who in the FLYING FUCK is Victor Inus?
A very smart intellectual who converted to Christianity because of Augustines writing. This was a major conversion in the world of these boring ass philosophers
What did Augustine think about human conversion?
Conversion of the soul cannot happen without the influence of gods.
How do we heal our souls according to Augustine?
We must confess our life’s story to God so that he may forgive us and release us from the ghost’s of our past
What was Mengzi a follower of?
Confucianism
Which dynasty did Confucius and Mengzi spend their most time in?
The Zhou Dynasty
What is the Dao?
The Dao, aka The Way. Is a confuscian belief about the proper way to live life properly
What is the main idea of the Dao?
There is a main idea that there is a way or path to life, a way to doing things or a method, but it particularly means a path towards religion and their lives
What is Qi
CHI, is the natural energy of a person’s life force. Mengzi believed if you unblocked your chi you’d have an easier time of following the way
What are the four main virtues for Mengzi
Benevolence (REN). Righteousness (YI), Honoring Traditions (LI). Wisdom (ZHI)
What is Filial Piety
A family focused way of living to honor family traditions
What was Mengzi’s take on Human Nature
Human Nature is naturally good
How did Mengzi think world peace would be achieved
If everyone followed Confuscianism
Mengzi on Rightness Vs Benefit
Mengzi fucking hated Benefit, but he loved Rightness
What are the three major Ideals of the world
Deontology, Consequentialism, Virtue Ethics
What is Deontology
The idea to always do what is right, the standard of right is the way of life
What is Consequentialism
A matter of morality, morality depends on the results of what you do. Whatever is the most beneficial is what you should do
What is Virtue Ethics
Focuses on the question of what is human ethics, they derive their principles based off what they think is morally right
What does Mengzi relate human cultivation to?
Bean Sprouts
What are the four sprouts of Morality?
The Sprout of Benevolence, The Sprout of Righteousness, The Sprout of Ritual Propriety, The Sprout of Wisdom
What is the Sprout of Benevolence
Heart/Mind and Kindness
