concepts important Flashcards
Understand the important criminology concepts
True or false, a civilian is someone who isn’t allowed to carry a gun?
True.
Civilians don’t carry guns. Non-civilians do
Who are the people called non-civilian?
army, police, some security guards
Explain the concept of deterrence.
Idea that making a punishment worse or making the chances of getting caught higher will prevent people from doing the crime.
What is the legitimate monopoly on violence, and what are the two things that make it legitimate?
The fact that a state’s security forces can only operate under legitimate civilian authority.
DDR: only non-civilian can shoot you, others will be disarmed, demobilized, and reintegrated.
SSR: Security system reforms: every person who can use force is under someone who can’t.
What is a Leviathan, and what does it create?
a strong state/country that can actually use a system of non-violence and in which people are safe. It creates and legitimate monopoly on violence.
Describe Honor Culture.
A culture where people avoid calling the authorities because society discourages it.
Is the leviathan and the legitimate monopoly on violence present in honor culture? Explain
No, because the police and the army don’t have much power. The people handle their affairs by themselves.
Explain diffusion of responsabily.
One person = more likely to help than many people
One person = less likely to do evil than many people
What is the punishment for perjury? Why that much?
14 years and more. Because in a violent crime, always possibility you didn’t mean it. Lying, you cant do it on accident.
Definition of a crime.
Law you break. Punishment. Jurisdiction.
Conduct that violates the law of a jurisdiction (area)
What is the condition for a jurisdiction to have legitimate laws?
Had to be written by someone who was voted in.
What is a law?
any formalized and integrated rule which imposes obligations on people ina certain jurisdiction.
Why is a law that is not enforced, not a law?
Because no punishement = no crime = no law
What is criminologist?
academic studies of crime, crime trends social analysis of crime. Ex: crime changes in time, why some people do crime in certain neighborhoods.
What is criminology?
Interdisciplinary science studies criminal behaviour (form, causes, legal aspects, and control ).
Explain scientific analysis of causes of crime?
Attemps to use science to predict which groups are most likely to commit crimes. Why some parts of cities have more crimes.
Explain crime control.
Analyse the use of force, tactics, startegies, hard power approaches to provent or respond to crime.
Who is Sutherland and what were his 3 points of sociology of law?
one of the first criminologist.
1) where do laws come from?
2) what are their effects?
3) do they support or contradict the culture?
Explain the first law of Sutherland?
Different if country dictated by monarchy or democracy.
Explain the second law of Sutherland?
What does this law mean for the country, for the people, more jobs for cops or judges, etc.
Explain the third law of Sutherland?
Something unfair doesn’t support canadian culture.
