computing Flashcards
what is an input device
hardware that inputs data into a computer system
what is an output device
hardware that receives data from a computer system and presents it in some form
what is a storage device
hardware that saves data so that is can be recalled and used again later
what are some internal components of a computer
Hard disk, RAM, CPU, motherboard, BIOS
what does the control unit do
controls how data moves around the CPU
what is the cache
provides fast access to frequently used instructions and is the CPU’s personal storage, so once the CPU carries out an instruction, it stores it in the cache
what is a register
a tiny, super fast piece of memory storage inside the CPU, that can only store one piece of data
what is clock speed
the thing that measures the number of cycles per second
list some factors that might affect the CPU’s performance
clock speed, cache size, number of cores
what is a core
a complete copy of a CPU
Factors of ROM
read only memory, data doesn’t get deleted, data is permanent, boot strap ( instructions needed to start up your computer
Factors of RAM
data gets deleted when when laptop in turned off, temporary data, opened applications
what is the order of storage sizes
bit, nibble ( 4 bits ), byte ( 8 bits/ 2 nibbles ) kilobyte (1024 bytes), megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte
primary storage factors
used to store programs and data that are being used, is much quicker to access than secondary storage, smaller than secondary storage, is volatile
secondary storage factors
used to store all programs and data for a computer system, much slower to access, exists in larger quantities, non volatile,
examples of primary storage
RAM, ROM, cache
examples of secondary storage
hard disks, SSD’s, CD’s
what are the three types of storage
optical, magnetic, solid - state
optical storage factors
low capacity, slower access, thin and lightweight, portable
magnetic storage factors
high storage capacity, faster access speed, has moving parts so will eventually fail
solid state factors
fastest access speeds, no moving parts, limited number of cycles, expensive
what is software
a program or code that controls hardware
what are the two types of software
systems software and application software
what are the two types systems software
operating systems and utility programs
what are the two types of applications software
proprietary and open source
what is open source software
open source software allows free access to the software and its code
what does the utility programs do
maintains the computer system
what does the operating system do
manages hardware and manages communication between applications and hardware
what are some positives of AI
digital services, doesn’t get ill, doesn’t need to be paid, efficient, repetitive
what are some negatives of AI
can be used for cheating, can be hacked, expensive, no creativity
what are ethics
how how a person conducts their lives based on what they feel is right or wrong
what is a stakeholder
someone who might be affected by the actions or policies of an organisation
what is a key stakeholder
those who can influence the actions of policies
what are the three main laws in computer use
the data protection act, the computer misuse act, copyright designs and patent act.
what is the data protection act
protects peoples personal data, personal data must be : kept up to date, must not be kept longer than necessary, used for legitimate purposes
what is the computer misuse act
makes it illegal to: hack, gain unauthorised access, delete or modify data without permission
what is the copyright, designs and patent act
makes it illegal to copy work without the owners permission
