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computing Flashcards

1
Q

what is an input device

A

hardware that inputs data into a computer system

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2
Q

what is an output device

A

hardware that receives data from a computer system and presents it in some form

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3
Q

what is a storage device

A

hardware that saves data so that is can be recalled and used again later

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4
Q

what are some internal components of a computer

A

Hard disk, RAM, CPU, motherboard, BIOS

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5
Q

what does the control unit do

A

controls how data moves around the CPU

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6
Q

what is the cache

A

provides fast access to frequently used instructions and is the CPU’s personal storage, so once the CPU carries out an instruction, it stores it in the cache

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7
Q

what is a register

A

a tiny, super fast piece of memory storage inside the CPU, that can only store one piece of data

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8
Q

what is clock speed

A

the thing that measures the number of cycles per second

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9
Q

list some factors that might affect the CPU’s performance

A

clock speed, cache size, number of cores

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10
Q

what is a core

A

a complete copy of a CPU

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11
Q

Factors of ROM

A

read only memory, data doesn’t get deleted, data is permanent, boot strap ( instructions needed to start up your computer

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11
Q

Factors of RAM

A

data gets deleted when when laptop in turned off, temporary data, opened applications

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12
Q

what is the order of storage sizes

A

bit, nibble ( 4 bits ), byte ( 8 bits/ 2 nibbles ) kilobyte (1024 bytes), megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte

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13
Q

primary storage factors

A

used to store programs and data that are being used, is much quicker to access than secondary storage, smaller than secondary storage, is volatile

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14
Q

secondary storage factors

A

used to store all programs and data for a computer system, much slower to access, exists in larger quantities, non volatile,

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15
Q

examples of primary storage

A

RAM, ROM, cache

16
Q

examples of secondary storage

A

hard disks, SSD’s, CD’s

17
Q

what are the three types of storage

A

optical, magnetic, solid - state

17
Q

optical storage factors

A

low capacity, slower access, thin and lightweight, portable

18
Q

magnetic storage factors

A

high storage capacity, faster access speed, has moving parts so will eventually fail

19
Q

solid state factors

A

fastest access speeds, no moving parts, limited number of cycles, expensive

20
Q

what is software

A

a program or code that controls hardware

21
Q

what are the two types of software

A

systems software and application software

22
Q

what are the two types systems software

A

operating systems and utility programs

23
Q

what are the two types of applications software

A

proprietary and open source

24
Q

what is open source software

A

open source software allows free access to the software and its code

25
Q

what does the utility programs do

A

maintains the computer system

26
Q

what does the operating system do

A

manages hardware and manages communication between applications and hardware

27
Q

what are some positives of AI

A

digital services, doesn’t get ill, doesn’t need to be paid, efficient, repetitive

28
Q

what are some negatives of AI

A

can be used for cheating, can be hacked, expensive, no creativity

29
Q

what are ethics

A

how how a person conducts their lives based on what they feel is right or wrong

30
Q

what is a stakeholder

A

someone who might be affected by the actions or policies of an organisation

31
Q

what is a key stakeholder

A

those who can influence the actions of policies

32
Q

what are the three main laws in computer use

A

the data protection act, the computer misuse act, copyright designs and patent act.

33
Q

what is the data protection act

A

protects peoples personal data, personal data must be : kept up to date, must not be kept longer than necessary, used for legitimate purposes

34
Q

what is the computer misuse act

A

makes it illegal to: hack, gain unauthorised access, delete or modify data without permission

35
Q

what is the copyright, designs and patent act

A

makes it illegal to copy work without the owners permission

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