Computer Flashcards
1
Q
_____ ____ is the essence of computing
A
Information Processing
2
Q
The word computer has derived from ____ and what it is_____
A
Compute
means ‘to calculate’
3
Q
Who developed the first mechanical calculator in ______, which is called ______
A
Blaise Pascal
1642AD
Pascalene
4
Q
British scientist _______ _______ was the first person to conceive an _________________ in ______ and what was he called?
A
Charles Babbage
Automatic calculator or computer
1833
Father of Modern Computer
5
Q
The credit of developing the first computer program goes to
A
Lady Ada Augusta, a student of Babbage
6
Q
_______prepared an _______in 1880 which was automatically functional with the help of ______ _______
A
Herman Holorith
Electronic Tabulating Machine
Punch Card
7
Q
______ developed the frist Mechanical Computer _____– in 1937
A
Howard Ekin
Mark I
1937
8
Q
________ and ___________ Invented the world’s first electronic computer ______ in 1946 and paved the way for first revolution in the field of calculating machine or computer. ________ or ________ was used as the switch in the computer.
A
JP Ekart
John Moschley
ENIAC-i
Electronic Valve
Vacuum tube
9
Q
Full form of EDVAC
A
electronic Descrete Variable computer
10
Q
________ Invented ______ in 1951, in which he used Stored Program. The credit of using _____________ goes to him. Indeed, he contributed the most in the development of computer and thus gave a right direction to _____________
A
John Van Newman
EDVAC
Binary System
Computer Revolution (second revolution)
11
Q
Generation I: 1940-52
A
Electronic Valve Vaccum Tube
EDSAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC
12
Q
Generation II: 1952-64
A
Transitor
IBM-700, IBM-1401, IBM-1620, CDC–1640, CDC-3600, ATLAS, ICL-1901
13
Q
Generation III: 1964-71
A
Integrated Circuit
IBM-360, IBM-370, NCR-395, CDC-1700, ICL-2930
14
Q
Generation IV: 1971-
A
Largely Integrated Circuit
APPLE, DCM
15
Q
Generation V:
A
Optical fibre, Artifical Intelligence
16
Q
Types of Computers
A
- Micro Computer: PC
- Mini computer: 5 to 10 times powerful than Micro
- MainFrame computer: More than 100 people can work
- Super Computer: High
- Quantum Computer: Q-Bit
17
Q
When is Computer Literacy day?
A
December 2nd
18
Q
India has announced New Computer Policy on
A
1984
19
Q
First computer made in India is __________ which was manufactured by _______________.
A
Siddharth
Electronics Corporation of India
20
Q
First computer of India was installed in the _____________ on ________
A
Main Post Office of Bangalore
August 16, 1986
21
Q
First Pollution free computerized Petrol Pump of India is in
A
Mumbai
22
Q
First Computer University in Private Sector in India is
A
Rajeev Gandhi computer University
23
Q
Which is the Silicon Valley of India
A
Bengaluru
24
Q
First Indian Newspaper to be available online
A
The Hindu
25
First Indian Political Party to create its website
BJP
26
The three main types of computers are
Digital
Analog
Hybrid
27
First super computer of the wold is ______ developed by whom_______and where
CRAY K-1-S
Cray K Company
USA
28
________is a super computer which had defeated World Chess Champion _____________. The super computer is able to do the work equivalent to the work of __ computers and can think ______ steps of chess in 1 second.
Deep Blue
Garry Kasparov
32
20crore
29
CRAY KIS
CRAY K Research. co. usa
30
Deep Blue
IBM.co.USA
31
Blue Gene
IBM.co.USA
32
COSMOS
Cambridge University, UK
33
First Electronic Digital Computer of the world is
ENIAC
34
Super computers use
LINUX
35
________ is used to connect all the universities
USENET
36
First book on Personal Computer was wirtten by
Ted Nelson
37
The Book of Ted Nelson ______________, won _____________
Soul of New Machine
Pulitzer Prize
38
First magazine on Computer is
Computer and Automation
39
First home computer is
Comodor VIC/20
40
First Practical Digital Computer is
UNIVAC
41
___________is the first programming language
FORTRAN
42
________ is the language of the _____ gen of computer
PROLOG
5th
43
_______ developed the IC chips
JS KILBIL
44
A computer error is known as the
BUG
45
C-DAC was established where and when?
Centre for development and advanced computing
Pune 1988
46
Super computers developed in India
Name and Manufacturer
FLO SOLVER- NAL, Bangalore
PACE - DRDO
PARAM-10000 : c-DAD,PUNE
CHIPP-16 : c-dot, Bangalore
MULTIMICRO: IIS, Bangalore
MACH: IIT, Bombay
47
Super Computer _______, having a capacity of 1 billion calculations per second, was made by the scientists of ______ of ____ on ______. The main credit for the development of the super computer goes to ______________.
PARAM-10000
C-DAC of Pune on March 28, 1998
Dr. Vijay P Bhaskar, Executive director of C-DAC pune
48
National Aeroonautics Laboratories, Bangalore was the first in India to develop a Super computer named
FLO SOLVER
49
_______ printers are the fastest printers
Laser printers
50
IBM( international Business Machine) is ________ company
American
51
Computer virus is a man made digital parasite, which corrupts the file and known as
File corrupter
52
______ is a device which connects the computers and works based on telephone lines
Modem
53
_______ was a technical problem, associated with the calendar known as ______
Y-2 K
Millenium bug
54
The development of computer started since
1955
55
Indian Institute of Science, ________ has developed__________
Bangalore
Simputer, which is a small palm sized touch screen computer
56
First computerarium in India is in
Bangalore
57
_____________________ has been declared the first fully computerised village of India
Vellanad of Thiruvananthuram district in Kerela
58
__________________, creator and coordinator of the Unix like Operating system. Where was he born?
LINUS BENEDICT TORVALDS
Helsinki, Finland on December 28, 1969
59
When was the first version of LINUX released?
September 17,1991
60
Two main parts of computer are
Hardware, Software
61
high is represented by ____ and low is represented by_____
1
0
62
Computers always work with ____-
bits
63
Computer scientists use combinations of _______ taken together to represent various ______
8 bits
Symbols
64
Because every bit can take one of 2 possible values, the total number of combinations possible, using 8 bits, the computer can represent _____ different symbols
256
65
How many bits are there in a byte
8
66
Higher units are expressible in multiple of
2 to the power 3
67
What is a nibble?
4 bits
68
Units of data measurement
Nibble
Byte
Kilo
Mega
Giga
Tera
Peta
69
How many bits make a byte
8
70
The basic elements of computers that can signal a 1 or 0 are called
Flip-Flops
71
Modern computers use a very tiny set of flip-flops known as a
Register
72
Silicon why is it used?
Poor conductor of electricity
73
_________ _____ are components that generate a 1 or a 0 depending on the input
Logic Gates
74
What are the 3 basic logic gates
AND
OR
NOT
75
What are the 3 basic units of computer
Central Processing Unit
The memory Unit
The Input/Output unit
76
The CPU can be divided into
1. The Arithmetic and Logical Unit
2. Control Unit
3. Registers
77
What are the main attributes of CPU?
1. Data width
2. Address Range
3. Clock speed
78
________ refers to the number of bits of data that can be manipulated within the CPU at one given time
Data Width
79
The data width of the computer can also be called as
Word size
80
Computers have data width ranging form_____ to _____
8 to 64 bits
81
The amount of memory that can be directly read or written by the CPU is called
Address Range
82
The speed of the CPU is called
clock speed
83
The ticks per second or the internal clock is measured in
Megahertz or Gigahertz
84
What are the 2 kinds of memory unit
Primary and Secondary
85
________ stores all instructions and data for the CPU
Memory unit
86
Primary memory is also called
Working memory, main memory
87
RAM
is a volatile primary is memory
88
ROM
non volatile memory, cannot be altered
89
PROM stands for? and what is it?
The Programmable Read only memory, however, has the option of being programmed, ie. the manufacturer of the computer may choose to load a program designed by his company into this PROM, and then the computer would use this PROM like any other ROM
90
Is secondary memory, volatile or not
non-volatile
91
CDs are a _____ medium of storage
optical
92
CD is read using a
laser beam
93
OMR full form
Optical Mark Reader
94
MICR full form
Magnetic Ink Character Reader
95
VDU full form
Visual Display Unit
96
Threee popular verisons of printer are
Dot matrix
Ink-jet
Laser printers
97
Laser printer, uses a _____ to ______ the characters on the paper
laser beam
Burn
98
Each language has its own grammer called
SYNTAX
99
Examples of Low level language are
Assembly language, Machine language
100
What is the special program that converts all instructions into the binary format
ASSEMBLER
101
Examples of High level languages are
C, C++, JAVA, Pascal, Fortran etc
102
_________ controls the computer hardware parts and make them operational
Software
103
What are the two kinds of software programmes
Application programs and System's programs
104
What are application programs
The programs that permit the computer to be used as a tool for some specific tasks
105
The common term used fo special text editors is _______
word processors
106
DBMS fullform
Data base Mangement systems
107
Shortcut for Select all
Ctrl+A
108
Shortcut for Bold
Ctrl+B
109
Shortcut for copy
Ctrl+c
110
Shortcut for Font Dialogue Box
Ctrl + D
111
Shortcut for centre Alignment
Ctrl + E
112
Shortcut for Italics
Ctrl + I
113
Shortcut for Justified Alignment
Ctrl + J
114
Shortcut for left alignment
Ctrl + L
115
Shortcut for opens new blank document
Ctrl + N
116
Shortcut key for Opens Existing Document
Ctril+O
117
Shortcut for Right alignment
Ctrl+R
118
Shortcut key for displays the start meny in the windows os
Ctrl+Esc
119
Shortcut key for Print screen or take a screen shot
PrtScn
120
Shortcut key for Switch to next opened program
Alt+Tab
121
Shortcut key for Go to beginning of a file/worksheet
Ctrl+home
122
Shortcut key for Go to the end of a file/worksheet
Ctrl+End
123
Shortcut key for Switch to previous opened program
Alt+Shift+Tab
124
Shorcut key of close window/ shut down
Alt+F4
125
Shortcut key for Redo
Ctrl+Y
126
Shortcut key for Undo
Ctrl+Z
127
Shortcut key for close file
Ctrl+W
128
Shortcut key for Cut
Ctrl+X
129
Shortcut key for Print Preview
Ctrl+F2
130
Shortcut key for Help
F1
131
Shortcut key for edit/rename
F2
132
Shortcut key for properties
F4
133
Shortcut key for GoTo
F5
134
Shortcut key for Spell check
F7
135
Shortcut key for SaveAs
F12
136
Shortcut key for Escape
ESC
137
Shortcut key for Save
Ctrl+S
138
Shortcut key for Underline
Ctrl+U
139
Shortcut key for Print
Ctrl+P
140
Shortcut key for Hyperlink
Ctrl+K
141
Active Cell
The cell in MS Excel with dark boundary is called Active Cell
142
ALU
It stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit. All calculations in computer are done here.
143
Application software
Design to done specific functions
144
Batch Processing
Data are processed in a batch
145
BIOS
Basic Input Output System. This program is stored in RAM
146
BIT
Short term of Binary Digit
147
Boot loader
It reads the main portion of the operating system form secondary memory.
148
Browsing
Viewing webpages on the internet
149
Byte
8 bits
150
Cells
Boxes created by the integration of rows and columns
151
Cells
Boxes created by the integration of rows and columns
152
Cell pointer
The boundary of Active cell is called Cell pointer
153
Copyright
It means the material and information are the personal property of the owner or producer
154
Counter Feiting
Its is the process of making and distributing illegal copies of software packages
155
Cracker
A cracker is a person who breaks into a computer system to steal the information as programs for unauthorized use.
156
CU
It stands for Control Unit. It controls the computer system
157
DATA
Data are raw factors and figures
158
Database
It is a collections of files. Data remains in an organized form in a database
159
DATA caputure
The process of collecting or capturing data form a site or a source
160
Data Manipulation
Captured data are manipulated to produce information
161
Data Processing
It is the process to get meaningful information from Data
162
DBMS
It stands for Database Management System. It is a software package to manage database
163
DHTML
It stands for Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language. It is used to create dynamic content on webpages
164
Dial Up Networking
It is the method by which a computer is connected the internet using telephone
165
DOS
Dos stands for disk operating system. It is an operating system
166
Downloading
The process of transferring the files form an internet to a computer.
167
Ethics
Ethics are rules and beliefs
168
Fields
A field in a database is a collection of bytes that contain data about an item
169
File
A file is a collection of related records
170
GML
General Markup Language.
171
Hacker
A person who breaks into a computer system to get access the information stored there.
172
HTML
It stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. It used to create webpages
173
IAB
It stands for Internet Activities Board which was formed in 1983. It is now called Internet Architectural Board.
174
IAS
It stand for Internet Application Software also known as Browsers.
175
IETF
Internet Engineer Task Force
176
IRTF
Internet Research Task Force
177
ISP
Internet Service Provider
178
Internet Society
formed in 1992 to promote the use of Internet
179
Input Unit
Used to enter data. Part of the computer system
180
LINUX
Its an UNIX like operating system with graphical user interface
181
MAC OS
It is an Operating System used in Macintosh Computer developed developed by Apple
182
Modem
It is a device to connect different computer systems to the internet using telephone or cable lines
183
MU
Memory Unit; It is used to store data
184
Online Processing
It is used when data are coming continuously without delay
185
Operating Unit
It is used to take output form the computer
186
Operating system
It is an interface between the human user and the computer hardware
187
Piracy
It is the illegal reproduction and distribution of software application
188
Primary key
It is a field with unique value for each record.
189
Primary Memory
It is the main memory of a computer system
190
Query
It is used to extract information from a database
191
Range of cells
it is group of neighboring cells that touch each other
192
RDBMS
Relational database Management system
193
Record
It is the collection of related fields
194
Secondary memory
It is the permanent memory of the computer
195
Software
It relates to sets of programs
196
Software
It relates to sets of programs
197
SOLARIS
It is a Unix like Operating System developed by Sun Microsystems
198
Sorting
Arranging of data in order
199
System Software
It performs the basic functions that are necessary to operate a computer system
200
TAG
It a part of HTML. It determines the way, the browser displays text in a Web Page
201
UNIX
It uses a command line user interface
202
Virus
Harmful computer program
203
____ is more efficient for viewing folders in Windows
Windows Explorer program
204
Windows Explorer is divided into
2 panes
205
Concatenation
The process of linking text values in a series within a formula
206
Relational database
is a collection of data items organized as a set of formally described tables form which data can be accessed or reassembled in many different ways without having to reorganize the database tables
207
______is a powerful program to create and manage our databases
MS Access
208
_____ is a collection of data about a specific topic
Table
209
____is a graphical representation of a table
Form
210
____is a presentation of data in a printed format
Report
211
The internet was originally developed by
US Department of Defence
212
The world wide web was invented by
Tim Berners Lee
213
___ and ___ are two major file systems in Microsoft Windows
Fat 32, NTFS
214
Websites are files in _______ which are powerful computers
server
215
A collection of all websites are called
WWW
216
Hyper text was first coined by
TED NELSON in 1960s
217
What language is HTML? It uses commands called
Markup language
Tags
218
In the Photoshop tools box, the tools are grouped by
Types
219
Versions of Android
Cupcake
Donut
Eclairs
Froyo
Ginger Bread
Honey Comb
Ice Cream Sandwich
Jelly beans
Kit-kat
Lollipop
Marshmellow
Nougat
Oreo
Pie
And10,11,12
220
The process of writing out computer computer instructions
coding
221
Four major digital initiatives into push e-education by the govt
Swayam
Swayam Prabha
National Academic Depository
National Digital Library
222
Oracle is
database software
223
Speed of the computer, also known as _______ is measured in ______
clock speed
Hertz
224
Speed of Modern Processors are often measured in
GHz
225
Speed of communication over a data channel in measured in
Baud
226
DHCP
Dynamic Host configuration protocol is a network management protocol used on TCP/IP networks to provide quick, automatic and central management for the distribution of IP addresses within the network
227
IPv6 protocol define on IP address of
128bit
228
Distributive computer architecture eg
Cloud Computing
229
CAD/CAM systems are based on
Interactive Computer Graphics
230
DES full form
Data Encryption Standard
231
Data Encryption Standard is an implementation of
Feistel Cipher
232
Data Encryption Standard uses __ round Feistel structure and the block size is __bits
16
64
233
__________ projection is a means of representing 3D objects in 2D
Orthographic 3D Projection ( a form of parallel projection)
234
_______ algorithm, sometimes referred as the __________ is a resource allocation and deadlock avoidance algorithm developed by _______
Banker Algorithm
detection algorithm
Edsgaer W Dijkstra
235
_________ used to connect two networks with different protocols
Gateway
236
Half Byte is known
Nibble
237
The robot named ____, was recently used by pupils at a primary school in _______. A collaboration between researchers from ___ and India has resulted in this new robot which______
Pepe
Kerala
Uk
encourages children to wash their hands
238
India's first indigenously developed payment ecosystem for transport, based on _______________________ standards, was launched on ____________.
National Common Mobility Card(NCMB)
4th march 2019
239
Mobile app _______has been launched by Election commission of India.
cVIGIL
cVIGIL is an innovative mobile application for citizens to report Model Code of Conduct and Expenditure violations during the elections.
240
VISHWAS
Video Integrations and State Wide Advanced Security. First of its kind project in the country, VISHWAS is a major e-governance initiative. The project aims at improving Law and Order management, Proactive traffic management and Control, Crime detection through video analytics and Post incident Investigations and video forensics.
241
A__________ adds extra space to the side margin top margin, or inside margins of a document that you plan to bind. It margin helps ensure that text isn't obscured by the binding.
Gutter Margin
242
____, a premium watchmaker, has associated with Google to develop a smart luxury watch.
TAG Heuer
243
______ is a small chip that can function as an amplifier, oscillator, timer, microprocessor, or even computer memory.
Integrated Circuit
244
What is the first ever web browser, who came up with it, and what was it later renamed as
Nexus
245
When was Windows10 and 11 released
1st October 2014
5th October 2021
246
Important Initiatives of the government
1. e-Pramaan
2. Online e-Sign (e-Hastakshar)
3. National Knowledge Network
4. Unified mobile application of New-Age Governance (UMANG)
5. Digilocker
6. Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation (PRAGATI)
7. Direct Benefit Governance
8. e-Way Bill
9. Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)
10. National Informatics Centre(NIC)
11. Software technology Parks of India(STPI)
12. Centre for Development of Advance Parallel Computing (CDAC)
11. Tele-density
247
e-Pramaan
Framework for e-Authentication for public services. The objective is to deliver the government services to its intended recipients in a secure manner, as well as to build citizens' trust in online environment, which is always prone to identity thefts and other associated risks. Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology (Meit Y) has made a e-Pramaan available for public usage with the help of C-DAC, Mumbai
248
Online e-Sign (e-Hastakshar)
This facility is an online digital signature service. It was formally launched in 2015. It is an online electronic signature service, which can be integrated with service delivery applications via an Application Programming Interface (API) to facilitate an e-Sign user to digitally sign a document. E-Sign service facilitates instant signing of documents online by citizens in a legally acceptable form.
249
National Knowledge Network
National Knowledge Network was established in 2010. The objective of the NKN is to interconnect all institutions of higher learning and research with a high-speed data communication network to facilitate knowledge sharing and collaborative research. NKN is the only network globally, that carries research and evaluation, internet and e-Governance traffic as three independent verticals under one umbrella. In addition to educational institutes, NKN connects all SDSs(State Data Centre,) NDCs (National Data Centre), Ministries and departments across the government.
250
UMANG
Unified Mobile Application for New-Age Governance(UMANG) has been developed and launched in 2017 as a single mobile platform to deliver major government services. UMANG's core plantform is integrated with Adhaar, DigiLocker, PayGov, Rapid Assessment System (RAS) etc....
Citizens can access pan India government services from the central government, State government, local bodies and their agencies. It supports 12 Indian languages, in addition to English and has been hosted on cloud.
251
DigiLocker
It is a key initiative under Digital India, the government of India's flagship program aimed at transforming India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. Targeted at the idea of paperless governance, Digital Locker is a platform for insurance and verification of documents and certificates in a digital way, thus eliminating the use of physical document. Indian residents, who signup for DigiLocker account get a dedicated cloud storage space. Organisations that are registered with Digital Locker can push electronic copies of documents and certificates directly into citizens' lockers. Citizens can also upload scanned copies of their legacy documents in their accounts. These legacy documents can be electronically signed using the e-Sign facility.
252
PRAGATI
The video conferencing facility PRAGATI ( Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation) as part of Digital India programme, e-Governance Reforming Government through Technology, was launched in 2015. This enables faster implementationof central level schemes / projects, state level projects and resolutions of Grievances between state and central level projects and resolutions of Grievances between state and central level departments.
253
DBT
the direct benefits transfer program envisages a switch from the present electronic transfer to the bank account of the beneficiary to transfer of benefits directly to Adhaar seeded bank accounts of the beneficiaries. The scheme is being headed by DBT mission.
254
e-Way Bill
e-Way Bill Application, provides a self-service platform to tax payers and transporters to generate single e-Way bill for movement of goods from one place to another, as per GST rules.
255
Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)
The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) was established in 2009, as an attached office to the Planning Commission now an attached office of Ministry of Electronics and IT with a vision, "To empower residents of India with a unique identity and a digital platform to authenticate anytime anywhere". A key objective of Adhaar Program is to provide an identity infrastructure for delivery of various social welfare programs and for effective targeting of welfare services.
256
National Informatics Centre
National informatics Centre (NIC) was established in 1976, and has since emerged as a "Prime builder" of e-government/ e-govenance applications up to the grassroot level as well as a promoter of digital opportunities for sustainable development. NIC, through its (information and communication technology) ICT network, "NICNET", has institutional leakages with all the ministries/departments of the central government, 37 state governments / union territores and about 650+ district administration of India.
NICNET- National Informatics Centre network
257
Software Technology Parks
Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) was setup in 1991 as an autonomous society under the MeitY. STPI's main objective has been the promotion of software exports from the country. It acts a single-windows in providing services to the software exporters.
258
Centre for development of Advance Parallel Computing
Centre for Development of Advance Parallel Computing (C-DAC) has emerged a s premier R&D organization and IT&E ( Information Technologies and Electronics.) In the country working on strengthening national technological capabilities in the context of global developments in the field and responding to change in the market in selected foundation areas. It is an institution for high-end Research & Development (R&D).
259
Tele-density
Tele-density, which denotes the number of telephone per hundred populations, is an important indicator of telecom penetration. Overall tele-density in the country was 88.51% at the end of July 2021. The rural tele-density was 60.33% while that in urban areas it was 141.62%
