Compression Syndrome In The Lower Limb Flashcards
What is compression syndromes
① direct pressure on a nerve
2 trapped nerve
③ commonly on the spino-root compression
4 root compression secondary to herniated disc
⑤ symptoms- pain tingling numbness and muscle weakness
What is lateral femoral cutaneous nerve also called
Meralgia paresthetica
What are the signs and symptoms of LFCN
Pain and numbness to the anterior and lateral thigh
What could cause compression of LFCN
Trauma on the area
Mass - inguinal hernia
Sudden weight gain
Tight clothing
Treatment of LFCN
- Conservative treatment
- physio
- exercise
- NSAIDs
Common sites for sciatic nerve compression
Ischial tuberosity
*Piriformis-performs syndrome.
What happens in Piriformis syndrome
The muscle gets stretched and inflamed compressing the nerve
What are the symptoms of sciatic nerve compression
Pins and needles of posterior thigh.
What is the treatment of SNC
Similar to LFCN
What is tarsal tunnel syndrome
Compression on the tibial nerve under flexor retinaculum
What are the intrinsic factors causing TTS
Cysts, tenosynovitis, tumour, fibrosis, osteophytes,
What are the extrinsic factors of TTS
Tight shoes, trauma, Valgus or dedema
What rung through tunnel
1 tibial Nerve ② posterior tibial artery ③ flexor hallucis longus 4 flexor digitorum longus ⑤ tibias postenor tendon
What are the signs and symptoms of TTS
Paraesthesia of toes, sole of heel
What is tune sign
Tapping on nerve very hand and feeling pins and needles running down = positive for compression
What test are positive for TTS
EMG= decreased amplitudE
Tingle sign
Treatment of TTS
Change shoes, NSAIDS
Surgery = release retinaculum
What is obturator nerve compression
Hip adductors overuse-skaters neuropathy = medial pain = treat conservatively
What is Saphenous nerve compression
Situated at hunters canal = adductor canal = inferior medial knee pain = treat consevaterly
What are the boundaries of hunters canal
- Sartonius muscle- medially
- vestus medialis- anterolaterally
- adductor longus - posteriorly
- Magnus muscle -posterioly
What is Morton’s neuroma
Compressive neuropathy of interdigital nerve
What are the signs and of symptoms Morton’s neuroma - MN
Pain and paresthesia
How to test for MN
Web space compression test = compress the new and pt will feel pain and paresthesia and hear mulders click
How to Dx MN
Ultra sound- will see neuroma
How to treat MN
- Conservative treatment
* neurectomy= sensation loss
Superficial peroneal nerve compression
Numbness and pins and needles dorsum of foot = Cons treat = surgical release fascia
Remember nerve runs 12am proximal to lateral malleolus
Deep peroneal nerve
Also called anterior tarsal tunnel
How to diagnose deep peroneal nerve
Tinel sign
S+S of Deep peroneal n
Parasthesia of first webspace
How to Tx DPN
Conserviterly
Surgically release external retinaculum
