Compounds & Reactions Flashcards
Cyclic organic compound stability
In general, small rings (containing less than 5 carbons) are extremely unstable due to both torsional and angle strain
At low pH more uric acid is protonated, while at high pH more uric acid exists in the charged form of its conjugate base, which is more soluble
Therefore, relative solubility of charged and uncharged species in solution
Fischer esterifcation
Involves a nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group, followed by elimination of the leaving group
Disproportionation
Describes a reaction where the species is simultaneously oxidized and reduced
Lipid peroxidation
The more double bonds the more susceptible a compound
Brønsted base
Accepts protons
Amide group
-N(CH3)2
Nitro-compound
Organic compound with a -NO2 group
β-hydroxyketone
When heated, will undergo dehydration in which a water molecule is eliminated
Driving force of this rxn: the formation of a carbon-carbon pi bond that can be conjugated with the carbonyl pi bond
Phenols and carboxylic acids
Can be deprotonated by NaOH, a strong base
β-hydroxyketone (structure)
(RCOR’) with an -OH group attached to a β carbon
Balance of charges
If a compound gains two protons, the reactant has gained two electrons
Adenine structure
N + NH (5-membered) and N + N + NH2 (6-membered)
- Found in FAD
Flavin
3 (6-membered) with N + N-R + N + NH
- Used by Na+-NQR
Ubiquinone
2 (6-membered) and half broken ring with [ 10 ]
- Substrate, not a cofactor
