Compounds And Bonds

Question 1

is the attractive force that holds two atoms together in a more complex unit

Answer 1

Chemical bond

Question 2

formed through transfer of one or more electrons from one atom or group of atoms to another

Answer 2

Ionic bonds

Question 3

formed through the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms

Answer 3

Covalent bonds

Question 4

is an electron in the outer-most electron shell of a representative or noble-gas element

Answer 4

Valence electron

Question 5

-symbol is the chemical symbol of an element surrounded by dots equal in number to the number of valence electrons present in atoms of the element
-The general practice in writing these symbols is to place the first four dots separately on the four sides of the chemical symbol and then begin pairing the dots are further dots are added

Answer 5

Lewis Symbols

Question 6

in forming compounds, atoms of elements lose, gain, or share electrons in such a way as to produce a noble gas electron configuration for each of the atoms involved

Answer 6

Octet rule

Question 7

are produced as a result of ionic bonding

Answer 7

Ions

Question 8

is an atom (or group of atoms) that is electrically charged as a result of the loss or gain of electrons

Answer 8

ion

Question 9

containing one, two, or three valence electrons (metals in Groups IA, IIA, and IIIA) tend to lose electrons to acquire a noble gas electron configuration.

Answer 9

Metal atoms

Question 10

containing five, six, or seven electrons (Groups VA, VIA, and VIIA) tend to gain electrons to acquire a noble gas electron configuration

Answer 10

2.Non-metal atoms

Question 11

Elements in? would have to gain or lose four electrons to attain stability, but in most cases the bonding that results is more adequately described by the covalent bond model

Answer 11

Group IVA

Question 12

is a combination of Lewis symbols that represents either the transfer or sharing of electrons in chemical bonds

Answer 12

Lewis structure

Question 13

Ionic compounds are always

Answer 13

NEUTRAL

Question 14

-do not have discreet molecules, only an alternating array of positive and negative ions
-The chemical formulas represent the simplest combining ratio for the ions present

Answer 14

Ionic Compounds

Question 15

is the smallest whole-number repeating ratio of ions present in an ionic compound that results in charge neutrality

Answer 15

formula unit

Question 16

is an ionic compound in which one element present is a metal and the other element present is a nonmetal

Answer 16

binary ionic compound

Question 17

the full name of the metallic element is given first, followed by a separate word containing the stem of the nonmetallic element and the suffix –ide.

Answer 17

NAMING RULE

Question 18

-You must know which metals exhibit variable ionic charge and which have a fixed ionic charge.
-Metals from the diagram form ionic compounds without roman numerals in their names

Answer 18

Naming Binary Compounds

Question 19

is an ion formed from a single atom through loss or gain of electrons (Cl-, Na+, Ca2+)

Answer 19

Monoatomic ion

Question 20

is an ion formed from a group of atoms (held together by covalent bonds) through loss or gain of electrons (SO42-)

Answer 20

polyatomic ion

Question 21

is a chemical bond resulting from two nuclei attracting the same shared electrons

Answer 21

covalent bond

Question 22

are pairs of valence electrons that are shared between atoms in a covalent bond.

Answer 22

Bonding electrons

Question 23

are pairs of valence electrons on an atom that are not involved in electron sharing

Answer 23

Nonbonding electrons

Question 24

is a covalent bond in which two atoms share one pair of electrons

Answer 24

single covalent bond

Question 25

is a covalent bond in which two atoms share two pairs of electrons

Answer 25

double covalent bond

Question 26

is the measure of the relative attraction that an atoms has for the shared electrons in a bond

Answer 26

Electronegativity

Question 27

developed a numerical scale for electronegativity

Answer 27

Linus Pauling

Question 28

is a covalent bond in which there is equal sharing of electrons between two atoms

Answer 28

nonpolar covalent bond

Question 29

is a covalent bond in which there is unequal sharing of electrons between atoms

Answer 29

polar covalent bond

Question 30

is a measure of the degree of inequality in the sharing of electrons between two atoms in a chemical bond

Answer 30

Bond polarity

Question 31

Bonds with an electronegativity difference greater than 0.4 but less than 1.5

Answer 31

polar covalent bonds

Question 32

Bonds that involve atoms with the same or very similar electronegativities
These are those with electronegativity difference of 0.4 or less

Answer 32

nonpolar covalent bonds

Question 33

Bonds with an electronegativity difference greater than 2.0

Answer 33

ionic bonds

Question 34

is a covalent bond in which two atoms share three pairs of electrons

Answer 34

triple covalent bond