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Naplex Stuff > Compounding & Excipients > Flashcards

Compounding & Excipients Flashcards

1
Q

Magnesium Oxide/Carbonate

Kaolin

A

Adsorbents, keep powders dry

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2
Q

Simethicone

Dimethicone

A

Anti-foaming agent, Break up and inhibit formation of foam

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3
Q 
Ascorbic acid
Ascorbyl palmitate
Sodium ascorbate
Bisulfate
Sulfoxylate
Thiosulfate
A

Antioxidants

Prevents oxidation

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4
Q

Acacia
starch paste
sucrose syrup

A

Binders, adhesive materials to hold powders together

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5
Q

Potassium Phosphate
Metaphosphate
Sodium Acetate
Citrate

A

Buffers, maintain the formulation within the acceptable pH range

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6
Q

Shellac
Gelatin
Gluten (food grade)

A

Coatings, prevent degradation due to oxygen, light, moisture, mask unpalatable taste

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7
Q

FD&C Red No.3
Yellow No. 6
Caramel
Ferric Oxide

A

Coloring agents, provides color to the compounded product (should correlate w/ flavor)

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8
Q 
Lactose
Calcium Salt
Starch
Mannitol
Sorbitol
Cellulose
A

Diluent, adds size to very smal dosages, or help suspend the drug in liquids and aid in disintegration

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9
Q

Alginic Acid
Polacrilin Potassium
Starches
Cellulose

A

Disintegrant, helps oral products dissolve to aid in absorption

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10
Q 
Aquaphor
Petrolatum
Vaseline
Eucerin
Cetaphil
A

Emollient, Softens and soothes the skin or mucous membranes, provides a barrier, acts as vehicle for drug delivery

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11
Q

Cellulose Acetate Phthalate

Schellac

A

Enteric-Coating, prevent dissolution in the stomach and mast poor taste

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12
Q 
Syrups & oils
Sucrose
Glucose
Aspartame
Phenylalanine
A

Flavorings/Sweeteners, masks bad tastes

*do not use Phenylalanine in PKU

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13
Q 
Agar
Alginate
Gum (guar, Xantham, acacia)
Gelatin
tragacanth
Bentonite
Carbomer
Starch
PLO
A

Gelling Agent (thickener), increases viscosity of the liquid

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14
Q

Colloidal Silica

Magnesium Stearate

A

Glidant, Improves flow of properties of the powder mixture in tablet and capsule formulations by reducing interparticle friction

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15
Q

Glycerin
Sorbitol
Propylene Glycol

A

Humectant/plasticizer, prevents preparations from being dry and brittle

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16
Q 
Polyethylene Glycol
Alcohol
Caprylic or Lauric Acid
Lemoxene
Terpenes
A

Hydrophilic Solvent, liquid with high miscibility w/ water to dissolve solutes

17
Q

Borage, canola, coconut oil

Omega-3, Omega-6 fats

A

Hydrophobic solvent, liquid with low or no miscibility w/ water to dissolve solutes

18
Q 
Mineral oil
glycerin
Glycol
PEG
Propylene glycol
A

Levigating agent, liquids used in the process of reducing particle size

19
Q

Magnesium Stearate
Calcium
PEG
glycerin, mineral oil

A

Lubricant, anti-adherent, helps ingredients from sticking to each other/equipment

20
Q 
Parabens
Sodium Benzoate
Chlorhexidine
EDTA
Benzalkonium chloride
Thimerosal
A

Preservative, prevents growth of bacteria or other pathogens

21
Q

Cocoa Butter
Hydrogenated vegeteable oil
Glycerinated gelatin

A

Suppository base, stay intact for insertion and melt while there

22
Q

Water

A

water as an excipient for non-sterile compounding and cleaning, as well as reconstiution
potable water is fine for drinking unless higher purity is noted. (e.g. distilled/Purified)

23
Q

HLB number

A 
<10 = fat soluble (w/o)
>10 = water soluble (o/w)
24
Q

Fat soluble Surfactants

HLB #

A

Span 65 - Sorbitan Tristearate
Glyceryl Monostearate
Tween 81 - Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (10 HLB)

25
Q

Water Soluble Surfactants

HLB #

A

PEG 400 Monooleate
Tween 85
Tween 81 - (10 HLB)

26
Q

Continental Gum

A

Levigate gum w/ oil then add water all at once until cracking is heard

27
Q

English Gum

A

Triturate water and gum, then add oil slowly

28
Q

What order of ointments/creams/lotions etc has most water?

A

Lotions (most)
Creams (>20% water)
Ointments (<20% water)
Pastes (lowest water content)

29
Q

Solution

E.g.

A 
Homogenous solute dissolved in solvent
Syrups
Elixirs
Tinctures
Spirits
30
Q

Suspension

E.g.

A

Solid dispersed in liquid (two phase heterogenous mix, uses levigating agent)
Ora-plus
Ora-sweet
VersaFree

31
Q

Emulsion

E.g.

A

Liquid dispersed in a liquid
(oil in water, or water in oil)
Uses an emulsifer surfactant)

32
Q 
Acacia
Agar
Carbomers
Glyceryl Monostearate
Pectin
PEG
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
A

Emulsifiers, reduces surface tension between oil and water (surfactant)

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