COMPONENTS OF FITNESS Flashcards
WHAT IS CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS
CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS OR (AEROBIC ENRUANCE) IS THE ABILITY OF THE HEART AND LUNGS TO SUPPLY OXYGEN TO THE MUSCLES, SO THAT THE WHOLE BODY CAN BE EXERCISED FOR A LONG TIME
WHY IS CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS IMPORTANT AND FOR WHAT
1) IF YOU HAVE A HIGH LEVEL OF CARDIO VBASCULAR FITNESS YOUR BODY IS ABLE TO SUPPLY THE OXYGEN YOUR MUSCLES NEED TO DO MODERATELY WHOLE-BODY EXERCISE FOR A LONG TIME
2) SQUASH AND TENNIS PLAYERS PLAYERS NEED IT TO NOT GIVE UP A LONG GAME
3) IT IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT FOR ENDURANCE SPORTS LIKE, LONG-DISTANCE RUNNIN OR CYCLING
WHAT IS STRENGTH
STRENGTH IS THE AMOUNT OF FORCE THAT A MUSCLE OR MUSCLE GROUP CAN APPLY AGAINST A RESISTANCE
WHAT DOES STRENGHT HELP WITH AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT
1)IT IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR SPORTS WHERE YOU NEED TO LIFT, PUSH OR PULL THINGS USING A LOT OF FORCE, LIKE WEIGHTLIFTING AND JUDO
2)SPORTS THAT REQUIRE YOU TO HOLD YOUR OWN BODY WEIGHT ALSO NEED STRENGTH (GYMNASTICS, PARALLEL BARS AND RINGS)
3) IT IMRPOVES POWER
WHAT IS MUSCULAR ENDURANCE
MUSCULAR ENDURANCE IS THE ABILITY TO REPEATEDLY USE THE VOLUNTARY MUSCLES OVER A LONG TIME, WITHOUT GETTING TIRED
WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF MUSCLES (MUSCULAR ENDURANCE)
INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES- (HEART) WORK WITHOUT ANY CONSCIOUS EFFECT FROM YOU
VOLUNTARY MUSCLES- ARE ATTACHED TO THE SKELETON, THEY ARE UNDER YOUR CONTROL
WHAT DOES MUSCULAR ENDURANCE HELP WITH AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT
1) MUSCULAR ENDURANCE IS REALLY IMPORTANT IN ANY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY WHERE YOU ARE USING THE SAME MUSCLES OVER AND OVER AGAIN (RCAUET SPORTS WHERE YOU HAVE TO SWING ALL THER TIME)
2) IT IS ALSO VERY IMPORTANT TO THE END OF ANY LON-DISTANCE RACE AND CYCLISTS, THEY NEED MUSCULAR ENDURANCE FOR A STRONG SPRINT FINISH
3) MUSCULAR ENDURANCE TAKES PLACE WHEN VOLUNTARY MUSCLES HAVE BEEN OVERWORKED AND START TO FEEL TIRED, HEAVY AND WEAK
WHAT IS FLEXIBILITY
FLEXIBILITY IS THE AMOUNT OF MOVEMENT POSSIBLE AT A JOINT
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF BEING MORE FLEXIBLE
1) FEWER INJURIES- YOU ARE LESS LIKELY TO PULL OR STRAIN A MUSCLE OR STRETCH TOO FAR AN INJURY YOURSELF
2) BETTER PERFORMANCE- (REQUIRED IN GYMNASTICS TO DO SPLITS) BUT ALSO MAKES YOU MORE EFFICIENT AND MAKES YOU USE LESS ENERGY (SWIMMERS CAN MOVE THEIR ARMS FURTHER AROUND THEIR SHOULDER WHICH MAKES THEIR STROKE LONGER AND SMOOTHER
3) BETTER POSTURE- BAD POSTURE CAN IMPAIR BREATHING AND DAMAGE YOUR SPINE, MORE FLEXIBILITY MEANS A BETTER POSTURE AND FEWER ACHES AND PAINS
WHAT IS BODY COMPOSITION
BODY COMPOSITION IS THE PERCENTAGE OF BODY WEIGHT MADE UP BY: FAT, MUSCLE AND BONE
WHAT IS THE HEALTHY PERCENTAGE OF BODY FAT (BODY COMPOSITIO)
15% AND 25%
WHAT CAN HAVING TOO MUCH FAT DO (BODY COMPOSITION)
STRAIN ON YOUR MUSCLES AND JPOINTS DURING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
WHAT DOES BODY COMPOSITION DEPEND ON
ON THE ACTIVITIES AND SPORT DEMANDS, DEPENDING WETHER YOU NEED TO BE HEAVY, LIGHT, STRONG, FAST…
EG: ROCK CLIMBERS HAVE TO BE LIGHT AND STRONG (HIGH MUSCLE% AND LOW FAT%)
WHAT IS SPEED
SPEED IS THE RATE AT WHICH SOMEONE IS ABLE TO MOVE, OR TO COVER A DISTANCE IN A GIVEN AMOUNT OF TIME
WHAT DOI WE HAVE TO DO TO MEASURE (SPEED)
DIVIDE THE DISTANCE COVERED BY THE TIME TAKEN TO DO IT
IN TYPE OF ACTIVITIES IS SPEED IMPORTANT
FROM THE OBVIOUS 100m SPRINT, TO LESS OBVIOUS LIKE ((SPEED A HOCKEY PLAYER CAN SWING THEIR ARM TO WHACK A BALL ACROSS THE PITCH)
WHAT IS AGILITY
AGILITY IS THE ABILITY TO CHANGE BODY POSITION OR DIRECTION QUICKLY AND WITH CONTROL
IN WHAGT ACTIVITIES IS (AGILITY) IMPORTANT
1) ACTIVITIES WHERE YOU NEED TO RUN AND CHANGE DIRECTIONS ALL THE TIME (FOOTBALL OR HOCKEY)
2) JUMPING AND INTERCEPTING A PASS IN NETBALL OR BASKETBALL INVOLVES A HIGH LEVEL OF AGILITY TOO
WHAT IS BALANCE
BALANCE IS THE ABILITY TO KEEP THE BODY’S CENTRE OF MASS OVER A BSE OF SUPPORT
WHAT IS THE CENTRE OF MASS (BALANCE)
-WE ALL HAVE A CENTRE OF MASS
-AS YOUR CHANGE YOUR BODY POSITION THE LOCATION OF YOUR CENTRE OF MASS WILL CHANGE TOO
WHAT DOES BALANCE HELP WITH AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT
1) IT IS CRUCIAL FOR NEARLY EVERY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, ANY SPORT THAT INVOLVES CHANGING DIRECTION QUICKLY (FOOTBALL OR BASKETBALL) REQUIRED BALANCE
2) AN ACTION THAT IS PERFORMED WITH BALANCE IS MORE FFICIENT: A CYCLIST MIGGHT WORK ON IMPROVING HIS FALANCE TO INCREASE HIS SPEED WHEN GOING ROUND CORNERS
WHAT IS COORDINATION
COORDINATION IS THE ABILITY TO UE TWO OR MORE PARTS OF THE BODY TOGETHER, EFFICIENTLY AND ACCURATELY
WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF COORDINATION
1) HAND-EYE COORDINATION
2) LIMB COORDINATION
WHAT IS HAND-EYE COORDINATION FOR
IT IS IMPORTANT IN SPORTS THAT REQUIRE PRECISION (ABLE TO HIT A BALL IN TENNIS)
WHAT IS LIMB COORDINATION FOR
IT ALLOWS YOU TO BE ABLE TO WALK, RUN, DANCE, KICK, SWIM…
WHAT IS REACTION TIME
REACTION TIME IS THE TIME TAKEN TO MOVE IN RESPONSE TO A STIMULUS
WHAT DOES REACTION TIME HELP WITH AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT
1) YOU NEED A FAST REACTION TO HIT A BALL OR DODGE A PUNCH
2) IT DOESNT MATTER HOW FAST YOU CAN MOVE, IF YOU DONT REACT IN TIME YOULL MISS THE HIT
3) THE STIMULUS YOU RESPONT TO COULD BE (STARTER GUN, A PASS OR A SERVE)
4) HAVING FAST REACTIONS CAN EFFECTIVELY GIVE YOU A HEAD START
WHAT IS POWER
POWER IS A COMBINATION OF SPEED AND STRENGTH (POWER = STRENGTH x SPEED)
WHGAT DOES ALSO HELP (POWER)
COORDINATION AND BALANCE ALSO HELP MAKE THE MOST OF POWER, UN COORDINATED OR OFF-BALANCE ACTION WILL NOT BE AS POWERFUL
WHAT DOES POWER HELP WITH AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT
1) IT IS IMPORTANT FOR THROWING, HITTING, SPRINTING, SHOOTING AND JUMPING (LONG JUMP, ,SPRINT RUN-UP)
WHAT DO YOU NEED TO HAVE TO BE GOOD AT ANY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
1) YOU NEED TO HAVE A HIGH LEVEL OF A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF FITNESS
2) FOR A PARTICULAR ACTIVITY DIFFERENT COMPONANTS OF FITNESS WILL BE MORE IMPORTANT THAN OTHERS (WEIGHTLIFTING) STRENGTH IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN REACTION TIME
