Components Flashcards
Name two types of piston rings.
Compression.
Oil control.
What do compression rings do?
Provide a sliding seal between the piston and cylinder to prevent gases leaking into the sump.
What do oil control rings do?
Prevent oil from the sump leaking into the combustion chamber. Assist with lubrication by scraping excess oil off the inside of the chamber.
What does the cylinder head do?
Closes off the top of the cylinders and forms part of the combustion chamber.
What does the cylinder head joint do?
Makes an air, water, gas and oil tight seal between the cylinder block and the cylinder head.
How are cylinders numbered?
From the free end, A bank on left, B bank on right. Numbered from 1 starting at the free end.
Compare the two designs of diesel engines.
In line and V engine. In line has one row of cylinders, V engine has two rows of cylinders.
What does a piston do?
The piston moves up and down in a reciprocating motion within the cylinder. It enables compression of air in the cylinder and receives the pressure from combustion and transfers them to the crankshaft.
What is a gudgeon pin?
Connects the piston to the connecting rod, transfering the load between the two.
What is the purpose of a crankshaft?
Changes the reciprocating movement of the piston into rotary motion, which then provides drive.
What does the connecting rod do?
Connects the crankshaft to the piston. Small end around gudgeon pin, big end around crankshaft.
What is a sump?
Reservoir for oil draining from the components.
What is a flywheel?
Large round piece of metal connected to the crankshaft. Keeps the engine running smoothly over the non power strokes
What is the purpose of a camshaft?
To control the opening and shutting of the inlet and exhaust valves. Driven by the crankshaft and moves at half its speed.
What are the two types of valves and their purpose?
Inlet and exhaust.
Purpose is to open and shut the intake and exhaust ports during the correct strokes.
